Exodus Movement, Inc. (“we” or the “Company”), a Delaware corporation (together with its affiliates, “Exodus”), is offering up to   shares of our Class A common stock, and the selling stockholders identified in this offering circular are offering an additional   shares of our Class A common stock (the “Offering”). We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Class A common stock by the selling stockholders. The initial price per share is $  , for an aggregate offering amount of up to $50,000,000. There is no required minimum number of securities or amount of proceeds that must be sold as a condition to completion of the Offering.

We have two classes of authorized common stock, Class A common stock and Class B common stock. All shares of our capital stock outstanding prior to this offering are shares of our Class B common stock. The rights of the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting and conversion rights. Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes per share and is convertible into one share of Class A common stock. Outstanding shares of Class B common stock will represent approximately   % of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock immediately following the closing of this offering. Our Class A common stock may be available to be traded on the tZero alternative trading system. We do not intend to apply for the listing of our Class A common stock on any securities exchange.

Each share of our Class A common stock will be represented by a digital Common Stock Token that can be viewed through the Exodus Platform. Common Stock Tokens are not shares of Class A common stock; rather, they are digital representations of the number of shares purchased and held by a given user. Both our transfer agent, Securitize, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Transfer Agent”), and any alternative trading system we may use have the ability to support trades in our Class A common stock and transfers of our Common Stock Tokens; however, it is not a condition to the closing of the Offering that the Common Stock Tokens be tradeable on any alternative trading system. We reserve the right to discontinue the usage of Common Stock Tokens and revert to traditional or other methods of share certification.

We are selling our Class A common stock in U.S. dollars. In order to purchase shares of our Class A common stock, a new potential purchaser, who does not already have an account on the Exodus Platform, must first download the Exodus Platform and create an account with the Transfer Agent. Potential purchasers must pay the purchase price for our Class A common stock in either Bitcoin, Ether or USDC (the stablecoin issued by Circle). All proceeds for the sale of our Class A common stock will be held in escrow until the closing of the Offering, at which time our transfer agent will record the issuance of each share of Class A common stock to the relevant purchasers.

The Offering will commence within two calendar days following the qualification of the Offering. The Offering will terminate at the earlier of (1)    , 2021 (2) the date at which $50 million of our Class A common stock has been sold, (3) the date which is one year after this Offering is qualified by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (which we refer to as the “SEC” or the “Commission”), or (4) the date on which this Offering is earlier terminated by the Company in its sole discretion (which we refer to as the “Termination Date”).

See the section titled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 14 to read about factors you should consider before buying shares of our Class A common stock.

Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this offering circular is accurate or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The United States Securities and Exchange Commission does not pass upon the merits of or give its approval to any securities offered or the terms of the Offering, nor does it pass upon the accuracy or completeness of any offering circular or other solicitation materials. These securities are offered pursuant to an exemption from registration with the Commission; however, the Commission has not made an independent determination that the securities offered are exempt from registration.

Generally, no sale may be made to you in this offering if the aggregate purchase price you pay is more than 10% of the greater of your annual income or net worth. Different rules apply to accredited investors and non-natural persons. Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to refer to www.investor.gov.

For more information concerning the procedures of the Offering, please refer to “Plan of Distribution” beginning on page 106.

Neither we nor the selling stockholders have authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this offering circular or in any free writing prospectuses we have prepared. We and the selling stockholders take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We and the selling stockholders are offering to sell shares of our Class A common stock, and are seeking offers to buy shares of our Class A common stock, only in jurisdictions where such offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this offering circular is current only as of its date.

Please carefully read the information in this offering circular and any accompanying offering circular supplements, which we refer to collectively as the “offering circular.” You should rely only on the information contained in this offering circular. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. This offering circular may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities. You should not assume that the information contained in this offering circular is accurate as of any date later than the date hereof or such other dates as are stated herein or as of the respective dates of any documents or other information incorporated herein by reference.

This offering circular is part of an offering statement that we filed with the SEC, using a continuous offering process. Periodically, as we make material developments, we will provide an offering circular supplement that may add, update or change information contained in this offering circular. Any statement that we make in this offering circular will be modified or superseded by any inconsistent statement made by us in a subsequent offering circular supplement. The offering statement we filed with the SEC includes exhibits that provide more detailed descriptions of the matters discussed in this offering circular. You should read this offering circular and the related exhibits filed with the SEC and any offering circular supplement, together with additional information contained in our annual reports, semi-annual reports and other reports and information statements that we will file periodically with the SEC. See the section entitled “Where You Can Find Additional Information” on page 112 for more details.

The offering statement and all supplements and reports that we have filed or will file in the future can be read at the SEC website, www.sec.gov.

We will be permitted to make a determination that the purchasers of stock in this offering are “qualified purchasers” in reliance on the information and representations provided by the purchaser regarding the purchaser’s financial situation. Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to refer to www.investor.gov.

An investment in our Class A common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the risks described below, together with all of the other information contained in this offering circular, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this offering circular before deciding whether to invest in shares of our Class A common stock. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we deem immaterial, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, operating results and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the market price of our Class A common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.

The success of our business depends on our ability to attract and retain Exodus Platform customers. To do so, we must persuade potential customers that our platform offers significant advantages over those of our competitors. Market acceptance of the Exodus Platform is affected by a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including the timing of development and release of new products, features and functionality introduced by us or our competitors, the performance of third-party services offered through the Exodus Platform, customer perceptions of the Exodus Platform’s security and reliability, acceptance and interest in crypto assets generally, and the growth or contraction of the market in which we compete.

In addition, as the market for crypto assets and related services continues to mature, we expect that an increasing focus on customer satisfaction will profoundly impact demand for the Exodus Platform. We believe that our customers are increasingly looking for flexible and secure crypto asset wallets that seamlessly integrate a range of applications and support a wide variety of crypto assets, while streamlining the customer experience and minimizing complexity. If we are unable to meet this demand, or if the Exodus Platform otherwise fails to achieve widespread market acceptance, our business, results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects may be adversely affected.

We rely on the integration of third-party services, including cryptocurrency exchanges and apps made available through our desktop app store, for several key aspects of the Exodus Platform’s functionality and features. As such the performance and reliability of these third-party services is critical to the continued growth in market demand for, and market acceptance of, the Exodus Platform. The success of third-party services on the Exodus Platform is affected by a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, such as the technical support provided by such third-parties, our ability to successfully integrate such services into the Exodus Platform using third-party application programming interfaces (“APIs”), technological changes and developments, and customer preferences. There can be no assurance that these third-party services will continue to perform in a manner our customers find adequate. If our customers have negative experiences with these third-party services through the Exodus Platform, the attractiveness of our platform may be diminished and we may experience difficulties attracting and retaining customers.

In addition, we generate, and expect to continue to generate, substantially all of our revenue from fees associated with the integration of third-party services with the Exodus Platform. Our API agreements with cryptocurrency exchanges and app developers generally provide for the payment of integration fees to us based on agreed-upon metrics, including, in some instances, usage metrics among our customer base. If a third-party service made available through the Exodus Platform performs inadequately, or is perceived by customers to perform inadequately, our customers may be less likely to use that third-party service, which could affect our ability to successfully monetize and generate revenue from the service.

The Exodus Platform is built around holding, transferring, exchanging and using crypto assets, which means our business depends on growth in the adoption and acceptance of crypto assets and the underlying blockchain technology to maintain and increase demand for the Exodus Platform. Blockchain technology is relatively new, untested and evolving. It represents a novel combination of several concepts, including a publicly available database or ledger that represents the total ownership of the currency at any one time, novel methods of authenticating transactions using cryptography across distributed network nodes that permit decentralization by eliminating the need for a central clearing-house while guaranteeing that transactions are irreversible and consistent, differing methods of incentivizing this authentication by the use of new tokens issued as rewards for the validator of each new block or transaction fees paid by participants in a transaction to validators, and hard limits on the aggregate amount of currency that may be issued. As a result of the new and untested nature of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology, the market for crypto assets and related services is relatively new and rapidly evolving, and its growth is subject to a high degree of uncertainty. As such, the crypto asset industry is vulnerable to risks and challenges, both foreseen and unforeseen. Examples of these risks and challenges include:

Although there may be solutions that have been proposed and implemented to these and other challenges facing various crypto assets and the blockchains on which they rely, the effectiveness of these solutions has not been proven. Further, other challenges may arise in the future that we cannot predict. For example, advances in cryptography and/or technical advances, such as the development of quantum computing, could present risks to the crypto assets and the Exodus Platform by undermining or vitiating the cryptographic consensus mechanism that underpins some blockchain protocols. Similarly, legislatures and regulatory agencies could prohibit the use of current and/or future cryptographic protocols, which could limit the utility of certain blockchains, resulting in

a significant loss of value or the termination of crypto assets or applications on the platform. Accordingly, the further development and future viability of crypto assets in general or for specific cryptocurrencies, is uncertain, and unknown challenges may prevent their wider adoption.

The growth of the blockchain industry in general, as well as the blockchain networks on which crypto assets rely, is subject to a high degree of uncertainty regarding consumer adoption and long-term development. The factors affecting the further development of the crypto asset industry, as well as blockchain networks, include, without limitation:

The crypto assets industry as a whole has been characterized by rapid changes and innovations and is constantly evolving. Although it has experienced significant growth in recent years, the slowing or stopping of the development, general acceptance and adoption and usage of blockchain networks and crypto assets may deter or delay the acceptance and adoption of the Exodus Platform or the applications on the Exodus Platform.

Our ability to attract new customers and retain existing customers depends in part on our ability to maintain a consistently high level of customer support. We believe that the quality of our customer support is, and will continue to be, an integral part of the user experience and a key differentiator of the Exodus Platform from competing platforms. We primarily provide customer support through email and, in some circumstances, audio- or video-calls. These means of providing customer support may not be sufficient to meet our customers’ support needs, and while we plan to develop a customer support capability directly within the Exodus Platform, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in developing such capabilities or that such capabilities, even if developed, will be sufficient to meet our customers’ support needs. If we do not help our customers quickly resolve issues and provide effective ongoing support, or if our support personnel or methods of providing support are insufficient to meet the needs of our customers, it could adversely affect our customers’ experience and negatively impact our reputation and brand, our ability to attract and retain customers, and the usage of the Exodus Platform’s revenue-generating features. The growth of our business will continue to place significant demands on our customer support resources. If we are not able to meet the customer support needs of our customers, we may need to increase our support coverage, which may reduce our profitability.

Our relatively limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our current business and prospects, and to plan for our anticipated future growth. We began operations in 2016, and therefore all of our growth has occurred in recent years. As a result, our business model has not been fully proven, which subjects us to a number of uncertainties, including our ability to plan for and model future growth. While we have continued to expand our platform and develop additional functionality within the Exodus Platform, we have encountered, and will continue to encounter, risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by rapidly growing companies in

developing industries, including our ability to achieve broad market acceptance of our platform, attract additional customers, identify and grow relationships with providers, withstand increasing competition in our existing and future markets, and manage increasing expenses as we continue to grow our business. Our current operating model may require changes in order for us to scale our operations efficiently. Investors should consider our business and prospects in light of the risks and difficulties we face as an early-stage company focused on developing our platform, both organically and through strategic relationships, in the field of blockchain, crypto assets and financial technology. If our assumptions regarding these risks and uncertainties are incorrect or change in response to changes in the markets for our platform, our business could suffer and our results of operations and financial condition could differ materially from our expectations.

We face security threats from malicious third parties that could obtain unauthorized access to our internal systems, networks and data. Computer malware, viruses and computer hacking, fraudulent use, social engineering (including spear phishing attacks) and general hacking have become more prevalent, and such incidents or incident attempts have been initiated against our customers in the past and may occur against our customers in the future. While we do not store customer information on the Exodus Platform or process transactions, and while the Exodus Platform encrypts our customers’ data, including their private keys and, in the future, their personal identity documents, we may become the target of cyber-attacks by third parties seeking unauthorized access to our customers’ confidential data, which could disrupt our ability to provide services on the Exodus Platform, or lead to exposure of customer information. Additionally, we use certain third-party service providers to store and process data on our behalf, and they face a variety of security risks. We have taken steps to protect customer information that might pass through our platform, as well as any confidential information we may obtain through our customer support services. However, our security measures or those of our third-party service providers could be breached or we could suffer data loss or unauthorized access to, or use of, our platform or the systems or networks used in our business.

It is virtually impossible for us to entirely mitigate the risk of these security threats, and the security, performance, and reliability of the Exodus Platform may be disrupted by third parties, including competitors, hackers, disgruntled employees, former employees, or contractors. For example, we have found security vulnerabilities within the Exodus Platform in the past which require us to quickly identify and patch those vulnerabilities. Additionally, certain kinds of viruses or malware can corrupt basic functionalities of device operating systems to allow hackers to access or misdirect our customers’ crypto assets.

We also process, store and transmit our own data as part of our business and operations. This data may include personally identifiable, confidential or proprietary information, and we use third-party service providers to store and process certain data for us. There can be no assurance that any security measures that we or our third-party service providers have implemented will be effective against current or future security threats. While we take steps in an effort to protect the security of our platform and the availability, integrity, confidentiality and security of our data, our security measures or those of our third-party providers could fail and result in unauthorized access to or use of our platform or unauthorized, accidental or unlawful access to, or disclosure, modification, misuse, loss or destruction of, our or our customers’ data.

Private keys may also be compromised if customers choose to store their private keys in non-secure systems, such as third-party email services, which may be susceptible to security breaches and security incidents, despite our efforts to discourage our customers from engaging in these practices. Although such incidents are outside of our control and do not relate to any insecurity or vulnerability on the part of the Exodus Platform, customers may nevertheless blame or become dissatisfied with the Exodus Platform as a result of these negative experiences.

Whether or not accurate, a market perception that the Exodus Platform is insecure, underperforming or unreliable could result in:

Any actual or perceived security breach or other incident may also lead to the expenditure of significant financial and other resources in efforts to investigate or correct a breach, address and eliminate vulnerabilities and prevent future security breaches or incidents, as well as the incurring of significant expenses for remediation that may include liability for stolen assets or information, repair of system damage that may have been caused, and other liabilities. We have incurred and expect to incur significant expenses in an effort to prevent security breaches and other incidents, including deploying additional personnel and protection technologies, training personnel and engaging third-party experts and consultants.

Furthermore, because data security is a competitive factor in our industry, we make statements publicly, including in our privacy policies and terms of service, providing assurances about the security of our platform, including descriptions of our security measures. Should any of these statements be untrue or become untrue, even though circumstances beyond our reasonable control, we may face claims, investigations or other proceedings by U.S. federal and state regulators, as well as foreign regulators and private parties.

We contract with third-party providers for applications available through our platform, as well as some services required to maintain the platform. We may be targeted by parties, including customers, hackers, or third-party providers, who seek to commit acts of financial fraud using techniques such as stolen identities and bank accounts, compromised email accounts, employee or insider fraud, account takeover, or other types of fraud. We may suffer losses from acts of financial fraud committed by our employees or third parties.

The techniques used to perpetrate fraud on our platform and the applications accessed through our platform are continually evolving, and we expend considerable resources to monitor and combat them, and to inform customers of the limits to the control we have over third-party provider activities. Additionally, when we introduce new products and applications, or expand existing products, we may not be able to identify all risks created by the new products or applications. Our risk management policies and procedures may not be sufficient to identify all of the risks to which we or our customers are exposed, to enable us to prevent or mitigate the risks we have identified, or to identify additional risks to which we or our customers may become subject in the future. Furthermore, our risk management policies and procedures may contain errors, or our employees or agents may commit mistakes or errors in judgment as a result of which we may suffer large financial losses.

The growth of our business will continue to place significant demands on our risk management efforts, and we will need to continue developing and improving our existing risk management policies and procedures. As techniques used to perpetrate fraud on our platform evolve, we may need to modify our platform, services or agreements with third parties to mitigate fraud risks. Further, these types of fraudulent activities on our platform can also expose us to civil and criminal liability, governmental and regulatory sanctions as well as potentially cause us to be in breach of our contractual obligations to our third-party providers.

Activities of our customers or other third parties could subject us to regulatory enforcement actions or liabilities. Our customers may use our platform in violation of applicable law or in violation of our terms of service or the terms of service of our third-party API providers. For example, applicable U.S. federal and state and foreign laws may prohibit us from making available our platform or certain of its functionalities in all jurisdictions.

We use geo-blocking technology to block the Exodus Platform’s availability in jurisdictions subject to U.S. trade embargoes, namely, the Crimea region of Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, and Syria. We also use geo-blocking to block the availability of SportX through the Exodus Platform in jurisdictions that prohibit online gambling, namely, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and its overseas territories, France and its overseas territories, the Netherlands and its overseas territories, Singapore, Turkey, and the United States and its territories. We also use geo-blocking technology to block the availability of API integrations for third-party crypto-to-crypto exchange services in the states of New York and Washington. However, customers may attempt to circumvent our geo-blocking to gain access to our platform or certain of its functionalities in violation of applicable law. Additionally, while our API agreements with crypto-to-crypto exchanges include representations by the exchange that the exchange will comply with applicable sanctions and export control laws, will not provide services to any parties located or resident in any area subject to U.S. sanctions or identified in any sanctions list maintained by OFAC, and has implemented reasonable sanctions compliance procedures, there can be no assurance that the exchanges will comply with their obligations to us under our API agreements. If governmental authorities choose to initiate legal or regulatory proceedings against us as a result, we could be subject to enforcement actions, disgorgement of profits, fines, civil and criminal penalties, damages, injunctions and the costs associated with defending against such actions. The existing laws relating to the liability of providers of online products and services for activities of their users, as well as the laws governing transactions in crypto assets, are highly unsettled and in flux both within the United States and internationally, and there can be no assurance that our compliance efforts will keep pace with changes in the law.

We may be subject to political, business or reputational risks due to the activities of customers or other third parties that are out of our control. Customers may assume that we are able to prevent scams by third parties or others or that we have control over their assets or the ability to log in to their wallet if they lose their login information, and our reputation may be negatively impacted if we are perceived to be taking insufficient measures to address such concerns, even if the non-custodial nature of the Exodus Platform prevents us from doing so as a technical matter. In addition, customer concerns about third-party services or crypto assets made available through the Exodus Platform may cause our reputation to suffer for reasons outside of our control. For example, we have received complaints associated with delays by third-party blockchains in processing and recording transactions in crypto assets. While we cannot control the operation of these blockchains, customers may and have attributed such delays to our platform, leading to doubts about the efficiency or reliability of the Exodus Platform. For more information, see “—Any actual or perceived failure of the Exodus Platform to block malware or prevent failures or security breaches or incidents could harm our reputation, cause the Exodus Platform to be perceived as insecure, underperforming, or unreliable, impede our efforts to attract and retain customers, and otherwise negatively impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.” As a result of activities by our customers or other third parties outside of our control, we may experience adverse political, business or reputational consequences.

A significant part of our business strategy is to focus on customer service and improving our customers’ experience using the Exodus Platform. As a result, our profitability may be lower, particularly in the near term, than it would be if our strategy were solely to maximize growth. Significant expenditures on customer service, enhancing our platform, pursuing relationships with API providers, and recruiting and retaining customer service employees, may not ultimately grow our business or cause long-term profitability. If we are ultimately unable to achieve or improve profitability at the level or during the time frame anticipated by industry or financial analysts and our stockholders, our stock price might decline or our business might be negatively affected.

Any interruption or delay in our customers’ or third-party API providers’ access to our platform will negatively impact our customers. Our customers depend on the continuous availability of the Exodus Platform to send, receive, exchange, stake and unstake crypto assets, and our platform is designed to operate without interruption. The adverse effects of any platform interruptions on our reputation and financial condition may be heightened due to the nature of our business and our customers’ expectation of continuous and uninterrupted access to their wallet and low tolerance for interruptions for any duration.

The following factors, many of which are beyond our control, can affect the delivery, performance, and availability of our platform:

The occurrence of any of these factors, or our inability to efficiently and cost-effectively fix such errors or other problems that may be identified, could damage our reputation, negatively impact our relationship with our customers, or otherwise materially harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We license many third-party applications to integrate with our platform through the interaction of APIs. We believe a significant component of our value proposition to customers is the ability to interface with these third-party applications through APIs on and within our platform. These third-party APIs and other third-party software and products are constantly evolving, and we may not be able to modify our platform to assure its compatibility with that of other third parties following development or technology changes, and any errors, defects, or operation failures in or of any third party services could result in errors or the loss of functionality in our platform and solutions that could harm our business. Additionally, our business may be harmed if any provider of such software systems discontinues or limits our access to its software or APIs, fails to license APIs to us on commercially reasonable terms, or develops or otherwise favors its own competitive offerings over ours. If we fail to maintain or renegotiate any of these licenses, we could face significant delays and diversion of resources in attempting to develop similar or replacement offerings, or to license and integrate a functional equivalent of the offering.

Additionally, these third-party APIs and other third-party software and products that may be integrated with or otherwise used with the Exodus Platform face a variety of security threats, and there can be no assurance that any security measures the providers of these third-party offerings will be effective against current or future security threats. The security measures of these third-party providers could fail and result in unauthorized access to or use of our platform or unauthorized, accidental or unlawful access to, or disclosure, modification, misuse, loss or destruction of, data exchanged through these services. We cannot guarantee that this data will not be compromised in the event of a successful cyberattack against the third party or other similar malicious activity. Similarly, the services may be interrupted, and files or functionality may become temporarily unavailable in the event of this type of attack or malicious activity. If any data exposure or other compromise occurs or is perceived to have occurred, our reputation may be harmed, and we may be subject to claims, investigations or other proceedings and legal liability.

We depend on, and anticipate that we will continue to depend on, various third-party relationships in order to sustain and grow our business, including technology companies and application developers whose products integrate with ours. In particular, we rely on API agreements with cryptocurrency exchanges and app providers to integrate third-party services underpinning several key aspects of the Exodus Platform’s functionality and features. These agreements may be terminated by us or our counterparties at any time with limited notice. If any of these API agreements are terminated or suspended, whether due to a failure or breach of performance or otherwise, the functionality of the Exodus Platform could be adversely affected and we could be forced to incur additional expenses in seeking replacements or may not be able to obtain replacements in a timely fashion, if at all, and such interruptions or discontinuations of service could interfere with our existing customer relationships and make us less attractive to potential new customers.

For example, the Exodus Platform’s Exchange Aggregator relies on API agreements with cryptocurrency exchanges, so that our customers can place orders with these exchanges through the Exodus Platform. While the termination or suspension of any one API agreement with a cryptocurrency exchange is unlikely to materially impact the performance of the Exchange Aggregator or our results of operations, multiple terminations or suspensions with multiple exchanges in a short period of time could impair the functionality of the Exchange Aggregator, resulting in customer dissatisfaction and lost revenue. Additionally, certain of our third-party API providers deliver features and functionalities that, if no longer available to us, cannot be replaced easily or in a timely fashion, if at all. For example, the SportX app allows customers in certain jurisdictions located outside of the United States and its territories to place sports wagers using crypto assets held in the Exodus Platform. We believe that SportX’s offering is unique and, if our API agreement with SportX were to be terminated for any reason, we would not be able to provide a similar service on the Exodus Platform in the short-term, if at all. If any of our strategic relationships with third-party API providers were to be terminated, we could experience business interruptions and delays.

Our success following this offering will depend on our ability to effectively manage the growth of our business. The Exodus Platform has experienced rapid organic growth, in particular since the market for crypto assets began attracting widespread interest in 2017 and 2018, and we anticipate that the number of customers using our platform will increase substantially following this offering. Our growth has placed, and future growth will continue to place, a strain on our management and our administrative, operational and financial infrastructure. Our success will depend in part on our ability to manage this growth effectively, which will require that we continue to improve our administrative, operational, financial, and management systems and controls by, among other things:

Managing our growth will require significant capital expenditures and allocation of valuable management and employee resources. If we fail to manage our expected growth, the uninterrupted and secure operation of our platform, our compliance with the rules and regulations applicable to our operations, the quality of our platform, and our ability to compete could suffer. Any failure to preserve our culture also could further harm our ability to retain and recruit personnel, innovate and create new enhancements for our platform, operate effectively, and execute on our business strategy.

A material weakness is a deficiency or combination of deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. During the periods covered by the financial statements included in this offering statement, our external auditors identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting:

During 2020, Exodus plans to address the internal control issues that contributed to the material weaknesses, by:

As a “Tier 2” issuer under Regulation A, we will not need to provide a report on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, and we will be exempt from the auditor attestation requirements concerning any report, at least for as long as we remain a Tier 2 issuer.

In order to provide real-time support to our customers, our employees use customer service tools developed internally as well as third-party tools to diagnose and correct customer security, platform performance, and reliability issues. If our employees were to negligently use or intentionally abuse these tools by interfering with or altering our customers’ wallet information, our customers could be significantly harmed. Our employees’ misuse of information received through the customer service tools, inadvertent or otherwise, could similarly harm our customers. Although our corporate policies prohibit employees from asking customers to provide their private keys, and we have procedures in place should customers unintentionally provide their private keys to us, our employees may negligently or intentionally fail to implement these policies or procedures while providing customer support. Any such improper disclosure or removal could significantly and adversely impact our business and reputation. While our tools have been developed only for authorized use by our employees, if a malicious actor were to obtain access to the tools and impersonate our employees, our customers’ information could be impacted. Accordingly, any abuse or misuse of our customer service tools could significantly harm our business and reputation. If it became necessary to further restrict the availability or use of our customer service tools by our employees in response to any abuse or misuse, our ability to deliver high-quality and timely customer support could be harmed.

While Exodus does not have physical infrastructure outside of the United States, we do have personnel, subsidiaries and operations outside of the United States and contracts with international third-party API providers. Our international operations and any expansion internationally could subject us to a variety of additional risks and challenges, including:

We have taken appropriate measures to ensure that we are in compliance with foreign laws and regulations, such as the use of geo-blocking technology to prohibit the Exodus Platform and certain of its functionalities and third-party services from being accessed in certain jurisdictions where required by applicable law. Despite these efforts, individuals may try to circumvent these efforts. If our non-custodial wallets or the applications we offer were to be banned in other countries as a result of legal changes or regulatory or legal challenges to the Exodus Platform, we could lose access to customers in those countries, which could materially and adversely impact our business.

We also contract with international third-party API providers. If those international third-party API providers were to not pay us according to our agreements, we might experience greater difficulty enforcing the contracts and accounts receivable collection, and longer collections periods. Additionally, it might be difficult to enforce indemnification clauses outside of the United States, the European Union, or Switzerland. Failure to mitigate the risks associated with our international providers could impact our ability to conduct our business as planned.

The evolving design of our platform may create challenges for various organizations, including governments, that seek to block certain content based on IP address “blacklists” or other mechanisms. If these challenges become too difficult for those organizations to overcome, they could make the decision to block content in an overbroad manner or block completely websites of providers that integrate with our platform. For example, the Chinese government restricts access to certain Google Cloud services from within the People’s Republic of China, and users of our mobile platform have experienced degraded functionality in China due to these restrictions on our platform’s ability to connect with those services. Some of these blocking efforts would be out of our control once they have been put in place and may limit our ability to provide our platform or third-party applications on a fully global basis, which could reduce demand for our platform among current or potential customers that are focused on the impacted regions or could otherwise adversely impact our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

The market for our platform is intensely competitive and characterized by rapid changes in technology, customer expectations, industry standards, and frequent introductions of new, and improvements of, existing products. Our platform exposes us to competition from competitors including other wallet providers and crypto asset exchanges.

We expect competition to increase as other established and emerging companies and start-ups enter the markets for crypto assets, particularly with respect to wallets, exchanges and applications designed to support crypto assets. If we are unable to anticipate or effectively react to these competitive challenges, our competitive position could weaken, and we could experience a decline in revenue or our growth rate that could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Our potential competitors include exchanges with substantial infrastructure that choose to enter the market for crypto assets, existing crypto asset exchanges that expand their services or technologies, as well as existing wallet providers that enter the application development market or offer more comprehensive solutions or adapt more quickly than us to new technologies and customer needs. Additionally, if the number of wallet providers, exchanges or wallet applications increases substantially, it could reduce the demand for our platform and increase competitive pressure on us. These competitive pressures in our markets or our failure to compete effectively may result in few customers, reduced revenue and gross margin, increased net losses, and loss of market share.

Our current and potential competitors include a number of different types of companies, including:

Many of our existing and potential competitors have or could have substantial competitive advantages including, among others:

In particular, some of our competitors may have substantially broader and more diverse product and services offerings, allowing them to leverage existing commercial relationships, incorporate functionality into existing products, sell products and services with which we compete at zero or negative margins, offer fee waivers and reductions or other economic and non-economic concessions, bundle products, maintain closed technology platforms, or render our platform unable to interoperate with such products. If they were to engage in predatory practices, it could harm our existing platform offerings or prevent us from creating viable products in other segments of the markets in which we participate. If our competitors are able to exploit their advantages or are able to persuade our customers or potential customers that their products are superior to ours, we may not be able to compete effectively and our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially affected.

Our future success is substantially dependent on our ability to attract, retain, and motivate the members of our management team and other key employees throughout our organization, particularly our founders, Jon Paul Richardson and Daniel Castagnoli. We rely on our leadership team in the areas of platform development, operations, customer support, and general administrative functions, and on individual contributors on our creative and engineering teams. Several of our developers and designers have been with us since we began developing the Exodus Platform, and their knowledge and understanding of how the platform works and their vision of how it will work in the future make them critical to maintaining and developing our platform. Although we have entered into employment offer letters with our key personnel, these agreements have no specific duration and constitute at-will employment. We do not maintain key person life insurance policies on any of our employees. The loss of one or more of our executive officers or key employees could seriously harm our business.

To execute our growth plan, we must attract and retain highly qualified personnel. In particular, it is critical for us to attract and retain engineering talent in our fast-growing industry. We have from time to time experienced, and we expect to continue to experience, difficulty in hiring employees with appropriate qualifications. In addition, job candidates and existing employees often consider the value of the equity awards they receive in connection with their employment. Volatility or lack of performance in our stock price may also affect our ability to attract and retain our key employees. Any failure to successfully attract, integrate, or retain qualified personnel to fulfill our current or future needs could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial operations.

We believe that maintaining our reputation as a leading provider of a non-custodial crypto asset wallet with the best customer experience, and allowing customers to have direct control over their financial assets, is critical to our relationship with our existing customers and our ability to attract new customers. The successful promotion of our brand will depend on a number of factors, including our record of security, performance, and reliability; our ability to continue to develop high-quality features for and integrate high-quality products on our platform through API agreements; and our ability to successfully differentiate our platform from competitive products and services. Our brand promotion activities may not be successful or yield increased revenue.

Independent industry and financial analysts often provide reviews of our platform, as well as those of our competitors. Perception of our offerings in the marketplace may be significantly influenced by these expert reviews. If reviews of our platform are negative, or less positive than those of our competitors, our brand may be

adversely affected. The performance of our third-party API providers may also affect our brand and reputation, particularly if customers do not have a positive experience with our API providers. While we have developed the Exodus brand without substantial expenditures on marketing, the further promotion of our brand may require us to make increased expenditures, and we anticipate that the expenditures will increase as our market become more competitive. Expenditures intended to maintain and enhance our brand may not be cost-effective or effective at all. If we do not successfully maintain and enhance our brand, we may have reduced pricing power relative to our competitors, we could lose customers, or we could fail to attract potential new customers or expand offerings of new products to our existing customers, all of which could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Our future success will depend on our ability to adapt and innovate. To attract new customers and increase revenue from our existing customers, we will need to enhance and improve our existing platform and introduce new products, features and functionality. We have continuously released biweekly updates across the Exodus Platform. While our customers expect these biweekly updates, future enhancements and new products that we develop may not be introduced in a timely or cost-effective manner, or may contain errors or defects and may have interoperability difficulties with our platform. We have in the past experienced delays in our internally planned release dates of new products, features and functionality, and there can be no assurance that these developments will be released according to schedule. We have also prioritized, and may continue to prioritize, the development of relationships with third-party API providers whose application programs and services we integrate into the Exodus Platform, which we believe will enhance our platform by providing additional use cases for crypto assets to our customers. However, we may not be able to integrate these programs or services successfully or achieve the expected benefits of such integration. If we are unable to successfully develop, acquire or integrate new products, features and functionality, or to enhance our existing platform to meet the needs of our existing or potential customers in a timely and effective manner, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

In addition, because our platform is designed to operate on a variety of networks, applications, systems and devices, we will need to continually modify and enhance our platform to keep pace with technological advancements in such networks, applications, systems and devices. If we are unable to respond in a timely, user-friendly and cost-effective manner to these rapid technological developments, our platform may become less marketable and less competitive or obsolete, and our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

We typically enter into API agreements with third-party cryptocurrency exchanges and other crypto asset service providers, which provide for the payment of integration fees to us based on agreed-upon metrics. If our third-party API providers fail to pay us in accordance with the terms of our agreements, we may be adversely affected both from the inability to collect amounts due and the cost of enforcing the terms of our agreements, including litigation and arbitration costs. Furthermore, some of our third-party API providers may seek bankruptcy protection or other similar relief and fail to pay amounts due to us, or pay those amounts more slowly, either of which could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and cash flow.

Our business requires us to distribute the Exodus Platform in many different jurisdictions, and to enter into agreements with a large number of third-party providers in many different jurisdictions. Our agreements contain a variety of terms, including service levels, data privacy and security obligations, indemnification, dispute resolution procedures and regulatory requirements. Agreement terms may not be standardized across our business and can be subject to differing interpretations and local law requirements, which could result in disputes with our customers and other third parties from time to time. If our customers or other third parties notify us of a breach of contract or otherwise dispute the terms of our agreements, the dispute resolution process could be expensive

and time consuming and result in the diversion of resources that could otherwise be deployed to grow our business. Even if these disputes are resolved in our favor, we may be unable to recoup the expenses and other diverted resources committed to resolving the dispute and, if we receive negative publicity in connection with the dispute, our reputation and brand may be harmed. Furthermore, the ultimate resolution of such disputes may be adverse to our interests and as a result could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

We utilize third-party cloud infrastructure services to operate and maintain certain elements of our platform and business. For example, all of our website traffic flows through cloud-based services which provide security to protect against bad traffic, or potential malicious attacks. Some elements of the complex system that hosts our platform are operated by third parties that we do not control and that could require significant time to replace. We expect this dependence on third parties to continue. Interruptions in these providers, our own internal infrastructure, or the third-party systems on which we rely, whether due to system failures, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins, natural disasters, or other factors, could affect the security or availability of the Exodus Platform. We have previously experienced service disruptions in the past, such as an outage which prevented our customers from accessing the Exchange Aggregator on our platform, being able to log in, or accessing customer support through the mobile platform. We cannot assure you that we will not experience interruptions or delays in our service in the future.

Our existing third-party hosting providers have no obligations to renew their agreements with us on commercially reasonable terms or at all, and certain of the agreements governing these relationships may be terminated by either party at any time, with limited notice. If any of our arrangements with third parties are terminated, users could experience difficulty accessing the Exodus Platform, and we could incur additional expenses in arranging alternative cloud services. Further, third-party cloud providers can decide to shut down our accounts for various reasons with limited notice.

Our platform performance and reliability depend on the quality of our customers’ access to the Internet. Certain features of our platform require significant bandwidth and fidelity to work effectively. Internet access is frequently provided by companies that have significant market power that could take actions that degrade, disrupt, or increase the cost of customer access to our platform, which would negatively impact our business. We could incur greater operating expenses and our customer acquisition and retention could be negatively impacted if other network operators:

In addition, there are various laws and regulations that could impede the growth of the Internet or online services, and new laws and regulations may be adopted in the future. These laws and regulations could involve interconnection and network management; taxation; tariffs; privacy; licensing; data protection; data security; content; copyrights; distribution; electronic contracts and other communications; consumer protection; and requirements for the characteristics and quality of services, any of which could decrease the demand for, or the usage of, our platform. Legislators and regulators may make legal and regulatory changes, or interpret and apply existing laws, in ways that require us to incur substantial costs, expose us to unanticipated civil or criminal liability, or cause us to change our business practices. If these changes are implemented, it could have an adverse and negative impact on our business. In addition, we may be banned from providing our platform in certain

countries, which would prevent our ability to grow our business in such markets and would also have a detrimental impact on the performance and scope of our platform. These changes or increased costs could materially harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We use a significant number of independent contractors in our international operations for whom we do not pay or withhold any employment tax based on their location or jurisdiction. Whether an individual is an employee or an independent contractor depends on applicable local law and may be subject to multiple, fact-intensive factors. There can be no assurance that legislative, judicial or regulatory (including tax) authorities will not introduce proposals or assert interpretations of existing rules and regulations that would change, or at least challenge, the classification of our independent contractors. Although we believe we have properly classified our independent contractors, foreign tax authorities may determine that we have misclassified our independent contractors for employment tax or other purposes and, as a result, seek additional taxes from us or attempt to impose fines and penalties. If we are required to pay employer taxes or pay backup withholding with respect to prior periods with respect to or on behalf of our independent contractors, our operating costs will increase, which could adversely impact our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

We own copyrights, trademarks, and domain names and, from time to time, may be subject to litigation based on allegations of infringement, misappropriation, or other violations of intellectual property or other rights. For example, we have trademarked the name “Exodus” in the context of digital money and digital wallets, with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and we have ownership of the exodus.io domain name. As we face increasing competition and gain an increasingly high profile, the possibility of intellectual property rights claims, commercial claims, and other assertions against us grows. In addition, a number of companies in our industry hold a large number of patents and also protect their copyright, trade secret, and other intellectual property rights, and companies in the financial technology industry frequently enter into litigation based on allegations of patent infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. While we have not been a party to litigation so far, we may, from time to time in the future, become a party to litigation and disputes related to intellectual property, our business practices, and our platform. We may also be subject to governmental and other regulatory investigations from time to time. The costs of supporting litigation and dispute resolution proceedings are considerable, and there can be no assurances that a favorable outcome will be obtained. Disputes, whether or not favorably resolved, may generate negative publicity and damage our reputation. We may need to settle litigation and disputes on terms that are unfavorable to us, or we may be subject to an unfavorable judgment that may not be reversible upon appeal. The terms of any settlement or judgment may require us to cease some or all of our operations or pay substantial amounts to the other party. With respect to any intellectual property rights claim, we may have to seek a license to continue practices found to be in violation of third-party rights, which may not be available on reasonable terms and may significantly increase our operating expenses. A license to continue such practices may not be available to us at all, and we may be required to develop alternative non-infringing technology or practices or discontinue the practices. The development of alternative, non-infringing technology or practices could require significant effort and expense. Our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected as a result.

We have invested, and expect to continue to invest, a substantial portion of our cash and cash equivalents into crypto assets, such as Bitcoin and Ether, which we record on our balance sheet as indefinite-lived intangible assets. As of June 30, 2020, crypto asset holdings, such as Bitcoin and Ether, accounted for approximately 33.4% of our total assets. While most of our expenses, like employee salaries, are denominated in U.S. dollars and paid using Bitcoin, some of our liabilities, expenses and costs must be paid in U.S. dollars, and we may be required to convert crypto assets to U.S. dollars in order to satisfy those liabilities, expenses and costs. The U.S. dollar value of any given crypto asset can fluctuate significantly and may be characterized by volatility. There can be no assurance that we will be able to exchange our crypto assets for U.S. dollars on a timely basis,

if at all, or for a fair price. If the value of our crypto assets declines, or if we experience difficulties converting our crypto assets to U.S. dollars, we may not have sufficient liquid assets to satisfy our liabilities, expenses and costs as they become due, which may negatively affect our business operations and financial condition.

Additionally, crypto assets generally are not subject to the protections typically enjoyed by more conventional types of financial assets, such as Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) or Securities Investor Protection Corporation insurance. If our crypto assets are lost, stolen or destroyed, we may not have adequate sources of recovery and, even if we can identify a third party responsible for such loss, theft or destruction, such third party may not have the financial resources sufficient to make us whole again.

A significant natural disaster, such as an earthquake, fire, power outage, flood or other catastrophic event, or interruptions by strikes, terrorism or other man-made problems, or interruptions due to public health crises or pandemics, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. Despite any precautions we may take, the occurrence of a natural disaster or other unanticipated problems could result in lengthy interruptions in our services. In addition, acts of strikes, terrorism and other geo-political unrest could cause disruptions in our business and lead to interruptions, delays or loss of critical data. All of the aforementioned risks may be further increased if our disaster recovery plans prove to be inadequate.

We do not currently maintain business interruption insurance to compensate us for potentially significant losses, including potential harm to our business that may result from interruptions in our ability to provide our services. Any such significant natural disaster, such as an earthquake, fire, power outage, flood or other catastrophic event, or interruptions by strikes, terrorism or other man-made problems, or interruptions due to a public health crisis or pandemic, could have a material adverse effect on the operations and development of the Exodus Platform or operations and development of applications that run on the Exodus Platform.

Market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate. The estimates and forecasts in this offering circular relating to the size and expected growth of our target market may prove to be inaccurate. Even if the markets in which we compete meet the size estimates and growth forecasted in this offering circular, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all. We also rely on assumptions and estimates to calculate certain of our key metrics and we regularly review and may adjust our processes for calculating our key metrics to improve their accuracy. Our key metrics may differ from estimates published by third parties or from similarly titled metrics of our competitors due to differences in methodology. Additionally, we rely on certain data streams for information related to downloads of the Exodus Platform, website visits, and active customers, as well as other statistics related to customer use of the platform. These data streams are unaudited, and while we believe they are an accurate representation of the use of our platform, they could be inaccurate. If investors or analysts do not perceive our metrics to be accurate representations of our business, or if we discover material inaccuracies in our metrics, our reputation, business, results of operations, and financial condition would be harmed.

Many of our customers locate our website through internet search engines such as Google. The prominence of our website in response to internet searches is a critical factor in the attractiveness of the Exodus Platform, and our digital marketing efforts, such as search engine optimization, are intended to improve our search result rankings and draw additional traffic to our website. Visits to our website could decline significantly if we are listed less prominently or fail to appear in search results for any reason, including ineffective implementation of our digital marketing strategies or any change by a search engine to its ranking algorithms or advertising policies.

Visits to our website could also decline if our accounts on YouTube or other social media platforms are shut down or restricted. We work across these social networks to increase brand awareness of our company, and to

promote customer acquisition. Any interruption of our use of social media platforms could result in reduced traffic to our website and diminished interest in the Exodus Platform, which could adversely affect our business and operating results.

Aspects of the Exodus Platform and our applications include or utilize software released under the terms of open source licenses, including the MIT License, Internet Systems Consortium License, Apache License, Mozilla Public License and GNU Lesser General Public License. We could be subject to suits by parties claiming ownership of what we believe to be open source software, noncompliance with open source licensing terms, or that our use of such software infringes a third party’s intellectual property rights. Some open source software licenses require users who distribute or make available open source software as part of their software to publicly disclose all or part of the source code to such software and/or make available any derivative works of the open source code (which could include our proprietary modifications and/or platform code into which such open source software has been integrated) on terms allowing further modification and redistribution and at no or nominal cost. The terms of many open source licenses have not been interpreted by U.S. or foreign courts, and these licenses could be construed in a way that could impose other unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to commercialize the Exodus Platform. While we monitor our use of open source software and try to ensure that none is used in a manner that would require us to disclose source code that we have decided to maintain as proprietary or that would otherwise breach the terms or fail to meet the conditions of an open source license or third-party contract, such use could inadvertently occur and we may as a result be subject to claims for breach of contract, infringement of intellectual property rights, or indemnification. Such inadvertent use could also require us to release our proprietary source code, pay damages, royalties, or license fees or other amounts, seek new licenses from third parties, re-engineer our platform or applications, discontinue sales or distribution of software in the event re-engineering cannot be accomplished on a timely basis, or take other remedial action that may divert resources away from the operation of our business, maintenance of our platform or our development efforts, any of which could adversely affect our business.

A person or company could establish software, technology and networks based on the open source software we use and the software we publicly release under open source licenses, and it is possible such products would be substantially similar to and competitive with the Exodus Platform. If this were to happen, it is possible the value of the Exodus Platform could decline. Many of the risks associated with the usage of open source software cannot be eliminated, and could, if not properly addressed, negatively affect our business.

We have always offered the Exodus Platform as a free download to customers. We believe that this approach is valuable for maintaining and growing our customer base, and because customers are more likely to engage with monetized features once they develop an interest in our platform, this is an important part of our overall business strategy. However, to the extent that we do not achieve the expected benefits of this strategy, our business may be adversely affected by making the Exodus Platform available for free. For example, customers may misuse or publicly criticize our platform, violate our terms of service or applicable laws while using the Exodus Platform, or require substantial attention from our customer support teams, while never using any of the monetized features of the Exodus Platform.

Our platform must integrate with a variety of operating systems, platforms, and hardware, and we need to continuously modify and enhance the Exodus Platform to adapt to changes in hardware, software and networking technologies. The Exodus Platform is available for download on macOS, Microsoft Windows and Linux desktop

devices, and on iOS and Android mobile devices. The availability of the Exodus Platform and its various functionalities is therefore subject to standard policies and terms of service of these third-party platforms, which can affect the promotion, distribution, and operation generally of the Exodus Platform. Each platform provider has broad discretion to change and interpret its terms of service and other policies with respect to our platform and its functionalities, and those changes and interpretations may be unfavorable. For example, both the Apple iTunes App Store and the Google Play Store have imposed specific restrictions on the types and functionalities of crypto asset-related apps available on those platforms. A platform provider may also change its fee structure, add fees associated with access to and use of its platform, or restrict how users can access the platform, which would similarly be unfavorable.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in our financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets, liabilities, and equity, and the amount of revenue and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Significant assumptions and estimates used in preparing our financial statements include those related to revenue recognition, the valuation of crypto assets, and software development costs. Our results of operations may be adversely affected if our assumptions change or if actual circumstances differ from those in our assumptions, which could cause our results of operations to fall below the expectations of industry or financial analysts and investors, resulting in a decline in the trading price of our Class A common stock.

Additionally, we regularly monitor our compliance with applicable financial reporting standards and review new pronouncements and drafts thereof that are relevant to us. As a result of new standards, or changes to existing standards, and changes in their interpretation, we might be required to change our accounting policies, alter our operational policies and implement new or enhance existing systems so that they reflect new or amended financial reporting standards, or we may be required to restate our published financial statements. Such changes to existing standards or changes in their interpretation may have an adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, and profit and loss, or cause an adverse deviation from our revenue and operating profit and loss targets, which may negatively impact our results of operations.

The accounting rules and regulations that we must comply with are complex and are subject to interpretation by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), the SEC and various bodies formed to promulgate and interpret appropriate accounting principles. Recent actions and public comments from the FASB and SEC have focused on the integrity of financial reporting and internal controls over financial reporting. In addition, many companies’ accounting policies and practices are subject to heightened scrutiny by regulators and the public. A change in these principles or interpretations could have a significant effect on our reported results of operations and may even affect the reporting of transactions completed before the announcement or effectiveness of a change. It is difficult to predict the impact of future changes to accounting principles or our accounting policies, any of which could negatively affect our results of operations.

We believe that our long-term growth depends in part on our ability to develop and monetize additional aspects of our platform, which we may pursue through acquisitions, investments in other companies, partnerships, alliances or other strategic transactions.

Our ability as an organization to successfully acquire technologies or businesses is unproven. We may not be able to find suitable acquisition candidates and we may not be able to complete acquisitions on favorable

terms, if at all. Even if we do complete an acquisition, we may not ultimately strengthen our competitive position or achieve our goals, and any acquisitions we complete could be viewed negatively by customers, developers, or investors. In addition, we may not be able to integrate acquired businesses successfully or effectively manage the combined company following an acquisition. If we fail to successfully integrate our acquisitions, or the people or technologies associated with those acquisitions, into our company, the results of operations of the combined company could be adversely affected. Any integration process will require significant time and resources, require significant attention from management, and disrupt the ordinary functioning of our business, and we may not be able to manage the process successfully, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. In addition, we may not successfully evaluate or utilize the acquired technology and accurately forecast the financial impact of an acquisition transaction, including accounting charges.

We may also enter into relationships with other businesses, which could involve joint ventures, collaboration agreements, investments in other companies, or alliances. Negotiating these transactions can be time-consuming, difficult, and costly, and our ability to close these transactions may be subject to third-party approvals, such as government regulatory approvals, which are beyond our control. Consequently, we cannot assure you that these transactions, once undertaken and announced, will close or will lead to commercial benefit for us.

In connection with the foregoing strategic transactions, we may:

These challenges related to acquisitions or other strategic transactions could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.

We are offering shares of our Class A common stock in this offering. Our Class A common stock exists solely as book-entry shares within the records of the Transfer Agent. Shares of our Class A common stock will not have traditional share certificates. Each share of our Class A common stock will be represented by a digital token ("Common Stock Token") that can be viewed through the Exodus Platform. Common Stock Tokens are not shares of common stock; rather, they are digital representations of the number of shares purchased and held by a given user. The ownership and transfer of shares of our Class A common stock will be recorded in book-entry form by the Transfer Agent and, in parallel, will also be recorded by the Transfer Agent on the Ethereum Blockchain, an open-source, public, distributed ledger that is secured using cryptography, using the Common Stock Tokens. Common Stock Tokens are created, held and maintained by the Transfer Agent, and not by Exodus. Our Class A common stock and Common Stock Tokens are subject to the following risks.

Our Class A common stock will not be listed for trading on any stock exchange or through any other national market system (“NMS”) trading platform. In order to maintain the system of Class A common stock represented by Common Stock Tokens, our Class A common stock will be issued and available for purchase through our Transfer Agent and will be traded exclusively on a specific trading system that is registered with the SEC as an alternative trading system (“ATS”). We expect that both the Transfer Agent and any ATS we may use will have the capability to support trades in our Class A common stock and transfers of our Common Stock Tokens; however, it is not a condition to the closing of the Offering that the Common Stock Tokens be tradeable on any alternative trading system. Only subscribers who fulfill the Transfer Agent’s and such ATS’s requirements that enable the subscriber to create an account with the Transfer Agent and ATS may buy and sell our Class A

common stock. In addition, because our Class A common stock is distinct from other securities that trade on an NMS, any ATS on which our Class A common stock may trade may experience limited trading volume due to a relatively small number of shares trading on the ATS. As a result, this novel trading system may have limited liquidity, resulting in a lower or higher price or greater volatility than would be the case with greater liquidity. In addition, limited liquidity may result in you not being able to resell your Class A common stock on a timely basis or at all.

Although our Class A common stock may be sold in peer-to-peer transactions and the Common Stock Tokens transferred in accordance with such sale, the availability of counterparties to such transactions is limited to other shareholders or other eligible purchasers who have submitted to the Transfer Agent’s AML/KYC procedures and have been whitelisted by the Transfer Agent. In addition, a current shareholder who wishes to transfer Common Stock Tokens must know the Ethereum account address and/or identity of an approved potential counter party in order to engage in peer-to-peer transactions; neither we nor our Transfer Agent will publish such information. There may be relatively few investors to whom our Class A common stock and Common Stock Tokens can be transferred in a peer-to-peer transaction, and there may not be a mechanism to readily identify other holders interested in selling our Class A common stock or persons interested in purchasing our Class A common stock. Consequently, there may be limited to no liquidity in our Class A common stock. As a result, shareholders may not be able to sell their Class A common stock represented by Common Stock Tokens on a timely basis or at all.

Public data related to holders of our Common Stock Tokens and transaction history involving the Common Stock Tokens is viewable on the Ethereum Blockchain. As the Common Stock Token represents shares of our Class A common stock, the ability to view the transaction history will serve as an ability to view reasonably accurate data regarding the holders of our Class A common stock and transactions in our Class A common stock. The information may not be fully accurate, however, as the official record of transactions in our Class A common stock is kept by the Transfer Agent using their book entry methods. Ownership and transfer of Common Stock Tokens held in an Exodus account is validated through the use of cryptography, in other words, by computers using algorithms to solve complex mathematical equations that prove a shareholder controls the account containing our Common Stock Tokens and wants a transaction to be sent. Authentication ensures that only the owner of shares of our Class A common stock can transfer the Common Stock Tokens in an account. There may be a limited number of eligible investors available to participate in such transactions.

Although records of peer-to-peer transactions in Common Stock Tokens are viewable on the Ethereum Blockchain, record and beneficial ownership of our Class A common stock is reflected on the book-entry records of the Transfer Agent. The Transfer Agent is regulated by the SEC and the Transfer Agent’s records constitute the official shareholder records of our Class A common stock and govern the record ownership of our Class A common stock in all circumstances.

The record of ownership of each Exodus account will be available to the general public and it may be possible for members of the public to determine the identity of the record holders of the accounts. Although the record of ownership included in the Ethereum Blockchain is a non-controlling “courtesy copy” of the records maintained by the Transfer Agent, it will be made publicly available. The publicly available information will include the digital account address of each holder of record transacting in our Common Stock Tokens and the entire history of each Exodus account, but it will not include any names or similar identifiers. As a result, it may be possible for members of the public to determine the identity of the record holders of certain Exodus accounts based on the publicly available information in the blockchain copy, as well as other publicly available information, including, but not limited to, any ownership reports required to be filed with the SEC regarding the ownership of our Class A common stock or Common Stock Tokens. To the extent that the Transfer Agent’s records and the duplicative records on the blockchain get out of synchronization, there could be a delay while the Transfer Agent corrects any such errors, and such errors may cause investors confusion with respect to their record holdings of our Class A common stock and Common Stock Tokens. This could adversely affect the liquidity of our Class A common stock.

The distributed ledger used to record transfers of our Common Stock Tokens will be available to the public and stores the complete trading history from the issuance of the Common Stock Tokens. The Common Stock Tokens are represented by ledger balances and secured by cryptographic key pairs and only the

public-key-derived account address is exposed to the public on the distributed ledger. The personal identity information necessary to associate a public key representing a given block of Common Stock Tokens with the owner of our Class A common stock will be maintained by the Transfer Agent in a proprietary ledger system that is not exposed to the public. As such, robust and transparent trading data, other than stockholder identity, with respect to our Common Stock Tokens will be publicly available. This may make it more difficult for stockholders to execute certain trading strategies using their Common Stock Tokens. If there are security breaches with respect to the proprietary ledger resulting in theft of the information necessary to link personal identity with public keys, the stolen information could be used to determine the affected stockholder’s complete trading history in our Common Stock Tokens and, to the extent that data is an accurate reflection of transactions in our Class A common stock, the affected stockholder's complete trading history in our Class A common stock. Moreover, concerns over these issues may limit adoption of this novel trading system by a range of potential investors, reducing liquidity of our Class A common stock.

Our Common Stock Tokens are represented by ledger balances and secured by cryptographic key pairs. The associated private key is necessary to effect the transfer of a given block of our Common Stock Tokens and, as such, is meant to be kept private. The general public, however, is not yet accustomed to using secure cryptographic methods and managing private keys. To make the system more user-friendly, at least initially, any ATS trading our Class A common stock through the mechanism of transferring Common Stock Tokens, as well as any broker-dealers participating on that ATS is expected to hold the private keys on behalf of security holders. This will enable security holders to manage their stockholder account with a simple login and password, similar to traditional online brokerage accounts. As such, this system may be as vulnerable to cyber theft as a traditional online brokerage account would be. If the repository is hacked and private keys are stolen, the thief could transfer affected Common Stock Tokens to its own account thereby obtaining control over shares of our Class A common stock, which the thief could then sell. Each broker-dealer with access to an ATS trading our Class A common stock is expected to know its customers that have accounts set up for trading our Common Stock Tokens, but there can be no assurance that such theft would be detected in time to hold the culprit accountable. The risk of theft of private keys is heightened so long as a centralized repository holds the private keys on behalf of security holders, as the thief is able to target a single security system for breach of multiple accounts.

We may allow our Class A common stock to trade on an ATS that supports the use of our Common Stock Tokens. While such ATS may have adopted policies and procedures to limit manipulations of the trading price of our Class A common stock contrary to applicable law, and while the risk of market manipulation exists in connection with the trading of any securities, the risk may be greater for our Class A common stock because an ATS is a closed system that does not have the same breadth of market and liquidity as an NMS. There can be no assurance that the efforts of any ATS or any broker-dealers will be sufficient to prevent such market manipulation. For example, there can be no assurance that a security holder will not be able to manipulate the stock price by opening multiple accounts and trading among those accounts.

We may allow our Class A common stock to trade on an ATS that supports the use of our Common Stock Tokens. While such ATS may have adopted payment mechanics that match the speed and irrevocability associated with immediate or nearly immediate transfers of crypto assets on a blockchain, such payment mechanics are novel and relatively untested. To the extent any ATS and applicable broker-dealer net capital regulations would permit broker-dealers to issue cash balances on the distributed ledger in amounts that exceed actual cash held by such broker-dealer in its customer accounts, there could be systemic risk to the system associated with payment defaults.

There are no minimum price or other listing requirements for trading securities on an ATS as there are for trading securities on the Nasdaq Global Market or other NMS trading platforms. As a result, trades of our

Class A common stock on an ATS may not be at prices that represent the national best bid or offer prices of securities that could be considered similar securities or that otherwise correspond to the prices of such securities on a national securities exchange.

Ownership of our Class A common stock is based upon the books and records of the Transfer Agent. Our agreement with the Transfer Agent can be terminated by either party on not less than days’ notice before the expiration of the agreement with the Transfer Agent or any renewal thereof. If the Transfer Agent chooses to exercise its termination rights or otherwise ceases to operate as a transfer agent, we would seek to engage a successor transfer agent. We are unlikely to assume the role of transfer agent in such a situation, and no assurance can be given that we would be able to find a successor transfer agent. If we are unable to find a successor transfer agent, the trading market for our Class A common stock would be adversely affected and it may be difficult or impossible for us to take any actions in regard to our Class A common stock such as: pay dividends or liquidation preference or provide voting rights to the correct holders of record of our Class A common stock. Additionally, in the event that we choose to change to a different transfer agent, or if our Transfer Agent chooses to update the system that supports our Common Stock Tokens, including potentially transferring the Common Stock Tokens to a new blockchain, clerical or record errors could occur.

A significant feature of our Class A common stock is that, while the records of (as our Transfer Agent) govern record ownership of our Class A common stock, for all record holders on the Transfer Agent’s official and controlling records there is a “courtesy copy” of certain ownership records on the Ethereum Blockchain. Following the Transfer Agent’s approval of any change in record ownership, the security position information relevant to a record holder’s digital account address on the blockchain is updated consistent with changes to the Transfer Agent’s official books and records. To the extent that the Transfer Agent’s records and the “courtesy copy” get out of sync, there could be a delay while the Transfer Agent corrects any such inconsistencies, and such inconsistencies may cause investors confusion with respect to their record holdings of our Class A common stock, which could adversely affect the liquidity for, and market value of, our Class A common stock.

Our Class A common stock will be traded on a novel system used by our Transfer Agent specifically for trading securities represented by digital tokens and has been subject to only limited testing and usage. This novel trading system is subject to all the usual risks associated with the fact it has received only limited testing and usage, including:

The technology on which the Transfer Agent and any ATS relies, including any communications between such ATS and the Transfer Agent, may not function properly because of internal problems, including a failure relating to API integrations, or as a result of cyber-attacks or external security breaches. Any such malfunction may adversely affect the ability of holders with a brokerage account at an ATS-executing broker-dealer to execute trades of our Class A common stock on such ATS, or the ability of our Transfer Agent to transfer our Class A common stock. Moreover, since trading in our Class A common stock has been limited, any ATS order matching system may not function properly in cases of increased trading volume. If the technology used by the Transfer Agent or any ATS we may use does not work as anticipated, trading of our Class A common stock could be limited or even suspended.

The non-controlling blockchain-based “courtesy copy” of record ownership uses technology that relies on and uses the Ethereum Blockchain. Although the Transfer Agent or any ATS we may use maintain certain licenses in connection with virtual currency applications, none of these parties are licensed under the virtual currency or money transmission regulations of any state in the United States or registered with the U.S. Department of the Treasury Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCEN”). If any regulatory authority were to assert that additional licensing or registration was required by the Transfer Agent or any ATS, it could affect the operations or viability of the Transfer Agent or any ATS, and could adversely affect the availability of trading venues for our Class A common stock. This in turn would have a material adverse effect on the liquidity of our Class A common stock and the holders’ ability to trade such securities.

tZero, which we may use as the ATS for our Common Stock Tokens, has been and remains involved in ongoing oral and written communications with, and has received or is covered by requests for information and subpoenas from, regulatory authorities in connection with ongoing examinations, inquiries, or investigations. Any failure of tZero to satisfy FINRA, the SEC, or any other regulatory authority could result in trading halts on tZero and fines and penalties being imposed. For example, a regulatory authority could conclude that securities being traded on tZero are illegally unregistered securities, and shut down tZero for illegal sales of such securities. Any such trading halt, whether temporary or permanent, will adversely affect the trading market for our Class A common stock and may prevent the sale of our Class A common stock until the failure is rectified.

Any investment in our Class A common stock is highly speculative, and any return on an investment in our Class A common stock is contingent upon numerous circumstances, many of which (including legal and regulatory conditions) are beyond our control. There is no assurance that purchasers will realize any return on their investments or that their entire investment will not be lost. For this reason, each purchaser should carefully read this offering circular and should consult with his or her own attorney, financial and tax advisors prior to making any investment decision with respect to our Class A common stock. Investors should only make an investment in our Class A common stock if they are prepared to lose the entirety of their investment.

The offering price of our Class A common stock has been determined by our board of directors based on estimates of the price that purchasers would be willing to pay considering our business, prospects, capital structure, the experience of our officers and directors and the market conditions for the sale of equity securities in similar companies. However, we have not conducted a detailed marketing or feasibility study covering the pricing and terms of this offering, nor have we sought an independent third-party valuation of our Class A common stock. You should not consider the offering price for our shares of Class A common stock as an indication of our present or future value.

Our Class A common stock may be available to be traded on an ATS. We do not intend to apply for the listing of our Class A common stock on any securities exchange. Prior to this offering, there has been no prior trading market for our Class A common stock. We cannot assure you that an active trading market for our Class A common stock will develop on an ATS or elsewhere or, if developed, that any market will be sustained. The offering price of our Class A common stock will not necessarily reflect the price at which investors in the market will be willing to buy and sell shares of our Class A common stock following this offering.

Most securities that are publicly traded in the United States have one or more broker-dealers acting as “market makers” for the security. A market maker is a firm that stands ready to buy and sell the security on a regular and continuous basis at publicly quoted prices. We do not currently anticipate that our Class A common stock will have any market makers, which could contribute to a lack of liquidity in our Class A common stock and could have a material adverse effect on holders’ ability to trade our Class A common stock.

The offering price of our Class A common stock is substantially higher than the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our Class A common stock. Investors purchasing shares of our Class A common stock in this offering will pay a price per share that substantially exceeds the book value of our tangible assets after subtracting our liabilities. As a result, investors purchasing Class A common stock in this offering will incur immediate dilution of $ per share, based on the initial offering price of $      per share. This dilution is due in large part to the substantially lower price paid by our stockholders who purchased shares prior to this offering as compared to the price offered to the public in this offering, and any previous exercise of stock options granted to our service providers. In addition, as of June 30, 2020, options to purchase 1,408,482 shares of our Class B common stock, with a weighted-average exercise price of $4.77 per share, were outstanding. The exercise of any of these options would result in additional dilution. As a result of the dilution to investors purchasing shares in this offering, investors may receive less than the purchase price paid in this offering, if anything, in the event of our liquidation. For more information, see the section titled “Dilution.”

We do not currently intend to repurchase any shares of our Class A common stock after they are issued. However, we could do so, subject to applicable law and regulations regarding issuer repurchases of their capital stock. If we do so, we would do so only at prices lower than the prices at which we are entitled to redeem the shares. If we repurchase shares of our Class A common stock, the trading market for our Class A common stock could become less liquid, which would likely cause the trading prices of our Class A common stock to decrease, which would give us an economic incentive to repurchase additional shares. The occurrence of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the liquidity in, and trading prices of, our Class A common stock.

Our Class A common stock exists solely as book-entry shares within the records of the Transfer Agent. Shares of our Class A common stock will not have traditional share certificates. Instead, each share of our Class A common stock will be represented by a digital Common Stock Token that can be viewed through the Exodus Platform. Common Stock Tokens are not shares of common stock; rather, they are digital representations of the number of shares purchased and held by a given user. This digital representation of the number of shares purchased and held (the “digital stock record”) is a representation of how many shares of Class A common stock are owned by an individual, and a holder can reasonably expect that the digital stock record is correct, but the digital stock records are not the actual shares. We reserve the right to discontinue the usage of Common Stock Tokens and revert to traditional or other methods of share certification. Should we choose to discontinue the usage of Common Stock Tokens and revert to traditional or other methods of share certification, this decision would have no effect on the ability of holders of our Class A common stock to trade their Class A common stock on an ATS, or through other means. The ownership and transfer of shares of our Class A common stock will be recorded in book-entry form by the Transfer Agent and, in parallel, will also be recorded by the Transfer Agent on the Ethereum Blockchain using the Common Stock Tokens. Although records of peer-to-peer transfers of Common Stock Tokens are viewable on the Ethereum Blockchain, record and beneficial ownership of our Class A common stock is reflected on the book-entry records of the Transfer Agent. The Transfer Agent is regulated by the SEC and the Transfer Agent’s records constitute the official shareholder records for our Class A common stock and govern the record ownership of our Class A common stock in all circumstances.

Common Stock Tokens are “Securitize DS Protocol” digital tokens that are transferrable between approved accounts on the Exodus Platform in peer-to-peer transactions on the Ethereum Blockchain. Common Stock Tokens are created, held, distributed, maintained and deleted by the Transfer Agent, and not by Exodus. The Transfer Agent uses the Securitize DS Standard (which has been developed on top of the Ethereum Blockchain’s ERC-20 programming standard) to program any relevant compliance-related transfer restrictions that would traditionally have been printed on a paper stock certificate onto “smart contracts” (computer programs written to the Ethereum Blockchain), which allows the smart contract to impose the relevant conditions on the transfer of the Common Stock Tokens. One example of such coding is a restriction on to whom Common Stock Tokens may be transferred. Common Stock Tokens cannot be created or deleted by any entity other than the Transfer Agent.

We retain the right to select and change our transfer agent. We may choose to change our transfer agent, and if we were to do so, our current Transfer Agent would directly provide all stockholder data to the new transfer agent. As we do not retain any of our stockholders’ personal information in their capacity as stockholders, we are not able to directly transfer this information. It is possible that if we chose to change our transfer agent, there may be unforeseen complications in the process of changing our transfer agent. This could result in, among other issues, the loss of shareholder data, a delay in the recording of shareholder activities in regard to their shares or a loss or deletion of all Common Stock Tokens. In addition, it is possible that we might choose to change our Transfer Agent to a transfer agent that does not support the Common Stock Tokens. This might result in the full replacement of Common Stock Tokens with another form of digital token, or it may result in the elimination of all forms of digital representations of our Class A common stock.

We also retain the right to list our Class A common stock on different trading platforms, which may or may not support our Common Stock Tokens. Should we choose to list on a different trading platform, our current Transfer Agent would directly provide all stockholder data to the relevant transfer agent for the new platform. If the new platform did not support our Common Stock Tokens or other forms of digital representations of our Class A common stock, we may no longer be able to maintain a digital representation of our Class A common stock.

We currently do not intend, but may choose in the future, to discontinue the Common Stock Token and instead use traditional stock certificates or other forms of certification for our Class A common stock. Should we choose to make this change, any Common Stock Tokens held in a stockholder’s Exodus account would no longer represent the number of common shares held by such stockholder. In addition, any transition to traditional

certificated or other form of the representation of our Class A common stock may make our Class A common stock less appealing to our stockholders and potential purchasers, and as a result, the demand for our Class A common stock may decline, which may result in a decrease in the price of our Class A common stock.

Any negative effect of the items discussed above could result in a material adverse effect on the price of our Class A common stock.

We will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds to us from this offering, including for any of the purposes described in the section titled “Use of Proceeds,” and you will not have the opportunity as part of your investment decision to assess whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of the net proceeds from this offering, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use. If we do not use the net proceeds that we receive in this offering effectively, our business, financial condition, operating results, and prospects could be harmed, and the market price of our Class A common stock could decline. Pending their use, we may invest the net proceeds from this offering in crypto assets, short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing securities, such as money market accounts, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government that may not generate a high yield for our stockholders.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock, and we do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of their Class A common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investments.

Following the conclusion of our offering of Class A common stock under Regulation A, we may be eligible to file an exit report to suspend or terminate our ongoing reporting obligations. If we become eligible, and if we make this election in the future, we may choose to not file annual reports, semiannual reports, current reports, financial statements and audited financial statements. As a result, holders of our Class A common stock would receive less information about the current status of our company, which could adversely affect their ability to accurately gauge the value of our Class A common stock for purposes of determining whether to engage in transactions involving our Class A common stock.

All proceeds for the sale of our Class A common stock will be held in escrow by    , our escrow agent, until the closing of this offering, which will occur upon the earliest of (1)     , 2021, (2) the date at which $50 million of our Class A common stock has been sold, (3) the date which is one year after this offering is qualified by the SEC, or (4) the date on which this offering is earlier terminated by us in our sole discretion.

Although the escrow agent is able to receive Bitcoin, Ether or USDC as payment for our Class A common stock, such crypto assets will be immediately converted into U.S. dollars upon receipt by the escrow agent. We do not intend to make any adjustments to the U.S. dollar conversion amounts to reflect changes in the value of such crypto assets during the escrow period. If this offering terminates or expires for any reason, our sole obligation to participants in this offering will be to cause the escrow agent to return to such participants, without interest or penalty, as soon as practicable the U.S. dollar value (as determined on the original date of payment to the escrow agent) of such participants’ subscription payments. Consequently, the amount of U.S. dollars returned to participants by the escrow agent, if any, may be lower than the U.S. dollar value of participants’ crypto assets as determined on the original date of payment, and participants in this offering are giving up the opportunity to receive the benefit of any future appreciation in the value of any crypto assets tendered for payment in this offering.

Our amended and restated bylaws provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty; any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the DGCL, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws; or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. This exclusive forum provision does not apply to claims as to which the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of such court (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of such court within 10 days following such determination), claims that are vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or claims for which the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware does not have subject matter jurisdiction. For instance, the provision does not preclude the filing of claims brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) or the rules and regulations thereunder in federal court. In addition, our amended and restated bylaws provide that the federal district courts of the United States shall be the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act.

The enforceability of similar exclusive federal forum provisions in other companies’ organizational documents has been challenged in legal proceedings, and while the Delaware Supreme Court has ruled that this type of exclusive federal forum provision is facially valid under Delaware law, there is uncertainty as to whether other courts would enforce such provisions and that investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

These exclusive forum provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find either exclusive forum provision in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our stock price could decline as a result of sales of a large number of shares of our Class A or Class B common stock after this offering or the perception that these sales could occur. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-linked securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate.

As of June 30, 2020 (after giving effect to the filing of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation in August 2020), we had no record holders of our Class A common stock and three record holders of our Class B common stock. Upon completion of this Offering, based on our shares outstanding as of June 30, 2020 and after giving effect to the filing of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation in August 2020 and the conversion of the shares sold by the selling stockholders in this Offering into shares of Class A common stock,      shares of our Class A common stock, 10,002,076 shares of our Class B common stock and options to purchase an aggregate of 1,408,482 shares of our Class B common stock will be outstanding.

All of the shares of Class A common stock expected to be sold in this Offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, except for shares held by our “affiliates,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. The remaining outstanding shares of our common stock and shares issuable upon the conversion or exercise of outstanding securities will be deemed “restricted securities” as that term is defined under Rule 144. Restricted securities may be sold in the public market only if their offer and sale is registered under the Securities Act or if the offer and sale of those securities qualify for an exemption from registration, including the exemption provided by Rule 144 under the Securities Act. Future sales of our common stock may also be subject to applicable state securities or “blue sky” laws. For more information, see “Description of Capital Stock—Shares Eligible for Future Sale.”

In addition, in the future, we may issue additional shares of Class A common stock or other equity or debt securities convertible into Class A common stock in connection with a financing, acquisition, commercial relationship, litigation settlement, employee arrangements or otherwise. Any such issuance could result in substantial dilution to our existing stockholders and could cause our stock price to decline.

Our authorized common stock is divided into two series, denominated as “Class A common stock” and “Class B common stock.” Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes per share. Holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock will vote together as a single class on all matters (including the election of directors) submitted to a vote of stockholders, unless otherwise required by law or our amended and restated certificate of incorporation.

After this offering, our existing stockholders, all of whom hold shares of Class B common stock, will collectively beneficially own shares representing approximately   % of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock following the completion of this offering. Jon Paul Richardson and Daniel Castagnoli, each an executive officer and director of the Company, will control approximately % of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock. Because of our dual class structure, we anticipate that, for the foreseeable future, these individuals will continue to be able to control all matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election and removal of directors.

These holders of Class B common stock may also have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to your interests. This concentrated control may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change in control of our company, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their capital stock as part of a sale of our company and might ultimately affect the market price of our Class A common stock.

Each share of Class B common stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of Class A common stock. In addition, each share of Class B common stock will convert automatically into one share of Class A common stock upon any transfer, whether or not for value, except for certain transfers described in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, including, without limitation, transfers for tax and estate planning purposes, so long as the transferring holder of Class B common stock continues to hold exclusive voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares transferred. All shares of Class B common stock will convert automatically into shares of Class A common stock upon the date on which the Class B common stock ceases to represent at least 10% of the total voting power of our outstanding common stock. The conversion of shares of Class B common stock into shares of Class A common stock will have the effect, over time, of increasing the relative voting power of those holders of Class B common stock who retain their shares in the long term, which may include our executive officers and directors and their affiliates. For a description of the dual class structure, see the section on page 96 of this offering circular captioned “Description of Capital Stock.”

Certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws could have the effect of delaying, deferring, or discouraging another person from acquiring control of our company. These provisions, which are summarized below, are expected to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and encourage persons seeking to acquire control of our company to first negotiate with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with an unfriendly or unsolicited acquirer outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging a proposal to acquire us because negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws include a number of provisions that may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers, or delaying or preventing changes in control of our management team or changes in our board of directors or our governance or related policies. These provisions:

In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws include a number of provisions that become effective only after the date on which the Class B common stock ceases to represent at least 50% of the total voting power of our outstanding capital stock (the “Class B Threshold Date”). These provisions may also have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers, or delaying or preventing changes in control of our management team or changes in our board of directors or our governance or policy, including the following:

Any provision of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws that will be in effect on the completion of this offering that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our Class A common stock, and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our Class A common stock. For information regarding these and other provisions, see the section on page 98 of this offering circular captioned “Description of Capital Stock—Anti-Takeover Provisions.”

We elected in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to not be subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“Section 203”). In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes a merger, asset sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. An “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns (or, in certain cases, within three years prior, did own) 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock. Our decision not to be subject to Section 203 will allow, for example, our founders, Jon Paul Richardson and Daniel Castagnoli, who together held an aggregate of approximately 95.0% of the voting power of our Class A and Class B common stock as of June 30, 2020, after giving effect to the filing of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation in August 2020 (pursuant to which all then outstanding shares of common stock were converted into shares of Class B common

stock), to transfer shares in excess of 15% of our voting stock to a third-party free of the restrictions imposed by Section 203. This may make us more vulnerable to takeovers that are completed without the approval of our board of directors and/or without giving us the ability to prohibit or delay such takeovers as effectively. For more information, see the section on page 98 captioned “Description of Capital Stock—Section 203 of the DGCL.”

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following a decline in the market price of its securities. This risk is especially relevant for us, because technology companies have experienced significant stock price volatility in recent years. If we face such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could harm our business.

You should carefully evaluate all of the information in this offering circular. We have in the past received, and may continue to receive, media coverage, including coverage that is not directly attributable to statements made by our officers and employees. We cannot confirm the accuracy of this coverage. You should rely only on the information contained in this offering circular in determining whether to purchase our Class A common stock.

The trading market for our Class A common stock may depend, to some extent, on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who may in the future cover us downgrade our Class A common stock or change their opinion of our Class A common stock, the price of our securities would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause the price and trading volume of our Class A common stock to decline.

As a Tier 2 issuer, we will be subject to scaled disclosure and reporting requirements, which may make our Class A common stock less attractive to purchasers as compared to a traditional public offering which would have relatively enhanced disclosure and more frequent financial reporting. In addition, given the relative lack of regulatory precedence regarding the recent amendments to Regulation A, there is a significant amount of regulatory uncertainty in regard to how the SEC or the individual state securities regulators will regulate both the offer and sale of our securities, as well as any ongoing compliance that we may be subject to. If our scaled disclosure and reporting requirements, or regulatory uncertainty regarding Regulation A, reduce the attractiveness of our Class A common stock, we may be unable to raise the necessary funds to develop and grow the Exodus Platform, which could severely affect the value of our Class A common stock.

Holders of shares of our Class A common stock are responsible for ensuring that any secondary sale of our Class A common stock is performed in accordance with applicable federal and state securities regulations. Our Class A common stock may not be offered or sold in the U.S. absent registration or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable state “blue sky laws” or other jurisdictions’ securities laws. Purchasers of our Class A common stock who attempt to sell or transfer our Class A common stock on the secondary market may be deemed to be distributors or brokers under federal or state securities laws, and should ensure compliance with such laws when engaging in secondary sales or transfers.

Regulation of tokens, token offerings, cryptocurrencies, blockchain technologies, and cryptocurrency exchanges currently is undeveloped and likely to rapidly evolve. The regulatory landscape varies significantly among international, federal, state and local jurisdictions and is subject to significant uncertainty. Various legislative and executive bodies in the U.S. and in other countries may in the future, adopt laws, regulations, guidance, or other actions, which may severely impact the development and growth of the Exodus Platform. Failure by us or certain users of the Exodus Platform to comply with any laws, rules and regulations, some of which may not exist yet or are subject to interpretation and may be subject to change, could result in a variety of adverse consequences, including civil penalties and fines.

As blockchain networks and blockchain assets have grown in popularity and in market size, federal and state agencies have taken an interest in, and in some cases begun to regulate, their use and operation. In the case of virtual currencies, state regulators like the New York Department of Financial Services have created new regulatory frameworks. Others, as in Texas, have published guidance on how their existing regulatory regimes apply to virtual currencies. Some states, like New Hampshire, North Carolina, and Washington, have amended their state’s statutes to include virtual currencies into existing licensing regimes. Treatment of virtual currencies continues to evolve under federal law as well. The Department of the Treasury, the SEC, and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”), for example, have published guidance on the treatment of virtual currencies. The Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) released guidance treating virtual currency as property that is not currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes, although there is no indication yet whether other courts or federal or state regulators will follow this classification. Both federal and state agencies have instituted enforcement actions against those violating their interpretation of existing laws.

The regulation of non-currency use of blockchain assets is also uncertain. The CFTC has publicly taken the position that certain blockchain assets are commodities, and the SEC has issued a public report stating federal securities laws require treating some blockchain assets as securities. To the extent that a domestic government or quasi-governmental agency exerts regulatory authority over a blockchain network or asset, we and the Exodus Platform may be materially and adversely affected.

Blockchain networks also face an uncertain regulatory landscape in many foreign jurisdictions such as the European Union, China and Russia. Various foreign jurisdictions may, in the near future, adopt laws, regulations or directives that affect the Exodus Platform. Any such laws, regulations or directives may conflict with those of the U.S. or may directly and negatively impact our business. The effect of any future regulatory change is impossible to predict, but such change could be substantial and materially adverse to our development and growth and the development and utilization of the Exodus Platform.

New laws and regulations or interpretations of existing laws and regulations, in the U.S. and other jurisdictions, are required in order for robust trading platforms and exchanges for securities that are represented by digital tokens like our Common Stock Tokens to trade among retail investors. This will affect the liquidity of our Class A common stock, the ability to access marketplaces or exchanges on which to trade the Common Stock tokens, and the structure, rights and transferability of the Common Stock Tokens.

In addition, non-governmental parties may bring private legal actions against us or our affiliates, either individually or as a class, which may result in curtailment of, or inability to operate, the Exodus Platform as intended, or judgments, settlements, fines or penalties against us or our affiliates.

To the extent licenses or other authorizations are required in one or more jurisdictions in which we operate or will operate, there is no guarantee that we will be granted such licenses or authorizations. We may need to change our business model to comply with these licensing and/or registration requirements (or any other legal or regulatory requirements) in order to avoid violating applicable laws or regulations or because of the cost of such compliance. Uncertainty in how the legal and regulatory environment will develop could negatively impact our development and growth and the development and utilization of the Exodus Platform.

Offerings of securities in the United States are required under the Securities Act to either register with the SEC or to rely on an exemption from federal registration. Offerings of securities in the United States may also be required to register with applicable state regulators as required by state law. Should an offering of securities in the United States occur and the issuer of the securities has not registered the offering and has not performed the offering in reliance on an exemption from federal registration, under the laws of the United States such a security offering would be deemed illegal. Under the Securities Act, the definition of “security” is very broad and includes the concept of an “investment contract.” An investment contract is any financial transaction that fits within the “Howey test,” a four-factor test based on an analysis of the nature of the transaction and relevant caselaw. Certain crypto assets could fall into the Howey definition.

Our primary business is the operation of an interface, known as the Exchange Aggregator, that connects our customers to third-party exchanges on which our customers can exchange on crypto asset for another crypto asset. We do not engage in any trading of crypto assets on our platform; however, we receive compensation from the exchanges that have connected to our Exchange Aggregator. We have engaged in a review process for the crypto assets available to be traded through the Exchange Aggregator on our platform, and based on that review process, we have created two separate fee structures for the exchanges connected to the Exchange Aggregator. We charge a monthly flat fee to exchanges on which U.S. persons trade tokens. For exchanges that do not deal with U.S. persons, or on which U.S. persons do not have the ability to trade tokens that could be considered securities, we may charge a percentage of assets exchanged. We may also charge exchanges on which U.S. persons trade tokens a percentage of assets exchanged for certain digital assets that we have determined are not securities. It is possible, however, that the SEC or another regulator could disagree with our position regarding which tokens are not securities. If that were the case, it is possible that our receipt of compensation based on the percentage of crypto assets exchanged could be deemed to be the receipt of transaction-based fees for facilitating transactions in unregistered securities, and that we could be found to be facilitating or engaged ourselves and in violation of the federal and state securities laws. Any of these developments could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

It is possible that we could be viewed as a “transfer agent” for purposes of federal or state law. Under the Exchange Act, a transfer agent is a person who engages, with respect to securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, in (a) countersigning issued securities, (b) monitoring issued securities, with the goal of preventing unauthorized issuances, (c) registering transfers of issued securities, (d) exchanging or converting issued securities, or (e) transferring record ownership of securities by bookkeeping entry without physical issuance of securities certificates. Transfer agents are typically required to register with the SEC under the Exchange Act.

Because our platform allows our customers to connect through APIs to exchanges that permit the transfer of crypto assets, it is possible that if any crypto assets traded through the connected exchanges were deemed to be securities, our activity as a platform connecting customers to those exchanges could result in the SEC or another regulator determining that we have acted as a transfer agent. We believe that the provision of a platform that provides a connection to an exchange through an API does not result in the entity providing the platform being deemed to be a transfer agent; however, it is possible that the SEC or another regulator could disagree with our position. If that were the case, we could be forced to register as a transfer agent and comply with applicable law, which could lead to us experiencing significant costs and could force us to change or cease our operations. Any of these developments could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

It is possible that the SEC could determine that we are a clearing agency for purposes of federal law. Under the Exchange Act, a clearing agency is any person who (a) acts as an intermediary in making payments or

deliveries, or both, in connection with transactions in securities; (b) provides facilities for comparison of data respecting the terms of settlement of securities transactions, to reduce the number of settlements of securities transactions, or for the allocation of securities settlement responsibilities; (c) acts as a custodian of securities in connection with a system for the central handling of securities whereby all securities of a particular class or series of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be transferred, loaned, or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of securities certificates; or (d) otherwise permits or facilitates the settlement of securities transactions or the hypothecation or lending of securities without physical delivery of securities certificates. A clearing agency does not include any person solely by reason of performing a transfer agent function, specifically transferring record ownership of securities by bookkeeping entry without physical issuance of securities certificates. Clearing agencies are generally required to register with the SEC and comply with applicable regulation.

Because we provide a platform that facilitates transfers in crypto assets through API connections to exchanges that permit the transfer of crypto assets, it is possible that we could be viewed as engaging in these types of activities. We have taken the position that we are not a clearing agency under the Exchange Act because the provision of a digital platform is not the type of activity described in the definition of a clearing agency. It is possible that the SEC or another regulatory agency could disagree with our position. If so, we could be forced to register as a clearing agency and comply with applicable law, which could lead to significant costs and could force us to change or cease our operations. Any of these developments could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

It is possible that the SEC or another regulator could determine that we are an exchange or an ATS and require us to register and comply with applicable law. Entities that are engaged as “exchanges” or “ATSs” with respect to securities are subject to federal registration and significant regulatory oversight by the SEC and FINRA. Exchanges and ATSs are generally networks that constitute, maintain, or provide a marketplace or facilities for bringing together the orders of multiple purchasers and multiple sellers of securities. A system “brings together” orders if it displays trading interests entered on the system to users (e.g., through consolidated quote screens) or receives orders for processing and execution. This does not include systems that have only one seller for each security (e.g., the issuer), even if there are multiple buyers.

Because we provide a platform that allows customers to access crypto asset exchanges through APIs, it is possible that we could be viewed as engaged in activities that would cause us to be deemed an exchange or ATS. We do not believe that the provision of a platform that provides connection to an exchange through an API constitutes the type of activity that is undertaken by an exchange. However, it is possible that the SEC or another regulator could disagree with our position. If so, we could be forced to register as an exchange or ATS and comply with applicable law, which could lead to significant costs and could force us to change or cease our operations.

Additionally, the exchanges we partner with could be found by the SEC to be illegally operating as unregistered exchanges or ATSs and could require them to shut down. Any of these developments could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business activities are subject to various restrictions under U.S. export control and sanctions laws and regulations, including the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Export Administration Regulations and various economic and trade sanctions administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”). The U.S. export control laws and U.S. economic sanctions laws include restrictions or prohibitions on the sale or supply of certain products and services to U.S. embargoed or sanctioned countries, governments, persons and entities, and also require authorization for the export of certain encryption items. In addition, various countries regulate the import of certain software and technology, including through import permitting and licensing requirements and have enacted or could enact laws that could limit our ability to distribute our software in those countries.

Although we take precautions to prevent our software and services from being accessed or provided in violation of such laws, we may have previously allowed our software to be downloaded by individuals or entities potentially located in countries or territories subject to U.S. trade embargoes, in violation of U.S. sanctions laws.

On or around December 7, 2018, we received an administrative subpoena issued by OFAC seeking information regarding potential transactions with individuals in Iran.

After learning of these potential violations, we conducted a comprehensive review that covered all countries and territories subject to U.S. trade embargoes administered by OFAC, took remedial action designed to prevent similar activity from occurring in the future, and submitted a voluntary self-disclosure regarding the apparent violations to OFAC. If we are found to be in violation of U.S. economic sanctions laws, it could result in fines and penalties. We may also be adversely affected through reputational harm. Further, the controls we have implemented may not be fully effective and there is no guarantee that we will not inadvertently provide software or services to sanctioned parties in the future. The voluntary self-disclosure is currently under review by OFAC. For more information, see “Business—Legal and Regulatory Proceedings—OFAC Administrative Subpoena.”

In addition, changes in our software, or future changes in export and import regulations may prevent our international users from accessing our software. Any change in export or import regulations, economic sanctions or related legislation, or change in the countries, governments, persons or technologies targeted by such regulations, could result in decreased use of our software by existing or potential international users. Any decreased use of our software or limitation on our ability to export our software would likely adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial results.

We are subject to certain laws and regulations regarding gambling and could be found in violation of such laws and regulations if our internal controls and systems were to fail. The gambling and sports betting industry is subject to extensive and evolving regulations that could change based on political and social norms and that could be interpreted in ways that could negatively impact our business. NextGen generally must maintain licenses with respect to its SportX app in order to continue operations, with its primary license to operate SportX issued by the Gaming Control Board of Curacao, Netherlands Antilles.

In the United States, the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006 (“UIGEA”) prohibits, among other things, the acceptance by a business of a wager by means of the internet where such wager is prohibited by any federal or state law where initiated, received or otherwise made. In addition, the Federal Wire Act of 1961 (the “Wire Act”) generally prohibits sports betting and the transmission of information related to sports betting via the internet if such betting and transmission of information crosses state lines. Moreover, many states within the United States prohibit sports betting, and where not prohibited, generally require those participating in sports betting within such state to maintain a license with the state’s applicable gaming authorities.

For these reasons, NextGen and Exodus have agreed that the SportX app and Exodus account shall (i) prohibit persons located in the United States and any of its territories from using the SportX app or the Exodus account in connection with the SportX app, (ii) include software restrictions to block persons located in the United States and any of its territories from utilizing the SportX app or the Exodus account in connection with the SportX app, (iii) only permit bets in the SportX app to be made by bettors in the form of crypto assets held in the cryptocurrency accounts of the bettors, (iv) only permit winnings to be paid out to bettors in the form of crypto assets that are sent over the blockchain directly to the bettor’s crypto asset account, and (v) take any and all other actions which may be necessary to ensure compliance at all times with U.S. laws concerning gambling and sports betting.

While we believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with all applicable sports betting regulatory requirements, there is no guarantee that the technical blocks we implement and which NextGen implements will be effective. These systems and controls are intended to ensure that our customers do not accept bets from end-users located in jurisdictions where the SportX app is not permitted, any failure of such systems

and controls may result in violations of applicable laws or regulations. Any claims in respect of any such violations could have cost, resource, and, in particular if successful, reputational implications, and implications on our ability to retain, renew or expand our portfolio of licenses, and so have a material adverse effect on our operations, financial performance and prospects.

Moreover, we cannot assure that our activities or the activities of our customers will not become the subject of any regulatory or law enforcement, investigation, proceeding or other governmental action or that any such proceeding or action, as the case may be, would not have a material adverse impact on us or our business, financial condition or results of operations.

It is possible that we could be found to be a money services business at the federal level, and/or a “money transmitter” at the state level. Under the Bank Secrecy Act of 1970, as amended by the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (“USA PATRIOT Act”) (collectively, hereinafter, the “BSA”), and BSA implementing regulations adopted by the FinCEN, all money services businesses (“MSBs”) are required to (i) register with the U.S. Department of the Treasury through FinCEN; (ii) establish an anti-money laundering (“AML”) program; and (iii) meet other recordkeeping and reporting requirements. MSBs include, among other businesses, a person providing “money transmission services,” which includes the “acceptance of currency, funds, or other value that substitutes for currency from one person and the transmission of currency, funds, or other value that substitutes for currency to another location or person by any means.” Because of the breadth of this definition, FinCEN regulations state that whether a person is a “money transmitter” is ultimately a “facts and circumstances” determination.

In addition to obligations at the federal level, virtually every U.S. state (and the District of Columbia) requires entities providing money transmission services to be licensed by the appropriate state agency responsible for the supervision of financial institutions. State laws regulating money transmission are not uniform, but generally define “money transmission” to include the receiving of money or monetary value for transmission or the transmitting of money or monetary value to a location within or outside the U.S. by any means.

FinCEN has provided limited guidance regarding the application of the BSA to activities involving crypto assets, and it is unclear whether our activities in regard to crypto assets could trigger a federal MSB registration requirement in and of itself. We believe that we do not meet the definition of a money transmitter because Exodus does not exercise “total independent control” over the value in our customers’ wallets. Exodus does not accept or transmit virtual currency on behalf of any customer, or otherwise act as an intermediary for exchange of currencies by taking possession of such crypto assets. If we were deemed to be an MSB, at the federal level, and/or a “money transmitter” at the state level, we could be subject to significant additional regulation, which could affect our business and operations.

It is possible that our activities with respect to crypto assets would cause us to be viewed as a “broker” or “dealer” under federal or state law. Under the Exchange Act, a “broker” is a person engaged in the business of effecting transactions in securities for the account of others. The staff of the SEC has indicated that receiving commissions or other transaction-related compensation is one of the determinative factors in deciding whether a person is “engaged in the business” of being a “broker,” in part because this “salesman’s stake” in a securities transaction incentivizes the recipient to encourage transactions that may or may not be appropriate for the parties involved. Because for certain crypto assets we receive a percentage of the amount of crypto assets a customer exchanges using our exchange, if any of the crypto assets for which we receive such payment were deemed to be securities, we could be viewed as a broker based on our receipt of such compensation. More generally, our activities with respect to any crypto assets that are deemed securities could trigger the need for broker registration. We have engaged in a review process for the crypto assets available to be traded through the Exchange Aggregator on our platform, and based on that review process, we have created two separate fee structures for the exchanges connected to the Exchange Aggregator. We charge a monthly flat fee to exchanges on which U.S. persons trade tokens. For exchanges that do not deal with U.S. persons, or on which U.S. persons do not have the ability to trade tokens that could be considered securities, we may charge a percentage of assets

exchanged. We may also charge exchanges on which U.S. persons trade tokens a percentage of assets exchanged for certain digital assets that we have determined are not securities. However, it is possible that the SEC or another regulator could disagree with our position regarding which tokens are not securities and whether we generally have an obligation to register as a broker-dealer. If that were to be the case, we may be required to change our compensation system or make other changes to our platform and business, which could have a negative effect on our financial position. We may also be required to register as a broker-dealer and comply with applicable regulations. Any of these developments could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be subject to a variety of foreign laws and regulations that involve matters central to our business. These could include, for example, regulations related to user privacy such as the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), blockchain technology, potential broker-dealer or exchange activities, data protection, and intellectual property, among others. Our Swiss subsidiary, Proper Trust AG, will be subject to Swiss corporate and privacy laws and regulations, and will be regulated by the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs, which is similar to OFAC (see above, “We are subject to export control, import, and sanctions laws and regulations that could impair our ability to compete in international markets or subject us to liability if we violate such laws and regulations.”) In certain cases, foreign laws may be more restrictive than those in the United States. Although we believe we are operating in compliance with the laws of jurisdictions in which Exodus exists, foreign laws and regulations are constantly evolving and can be subject to significant change. In addition, the application and interpretation of these laws and regulations are often uncertain, particularly in the new and rapidly evolving industry in which we operate. As a result, crypto assets and blockchain technologies such as those we are involved in face an uncertain regulatory landscape in many foreign jurisdictions, including but not limited to the European Union, China and Russia. Other foreign jurisdictions may also, in the near future, adopt laws, regulations or directives that affect our business.

We have adopted policies and procedures designed to comply with the laws that apply to us as we understand them. However, the growth of our business and its expansion outside of the United States may increase the potential of violating foreign laws or our own internal policies and procedures. The risk of our Company being found in violation of applicable laws and regulations is further increased by the fact that many of them are open to a variety of interpretations given the absence of formal interpretation by regulatory authorities or the courts. This risk may also be increased by the fact that our business crosses jurisdictional lines, and we may not always be in control of all activities that occur on the Exodus Platform.

Any action brought against us by a foreign regulator or in a private action based on foreign law could cause us to incur significant legal expenses and divert our management’s attention from the operation of the business. If our operations are found to be in violation of any laws and regulations, we may be subject to penalties associated with the violation, including civil and criminal penalties, damages and fines; we could be required to refund payments received by us; and we could be required to curtail or cease operations. Any of these consequences could seriously harm our business and financial results. In addition, existing and proposed laws and regulations can be costly to comply with and can delay or impede the development of new products, result in negative publicity, increase operating costs, require significant management time and attention, and subject us to claims or other remedies, including fines or demands that we modify or cease existing business practices.

Any applicable foreign laws, regulations or directives may also conflict with those of the United States. The effect of any future regulatory change is impossible to predict, but any change could be substantial and materially adverse to the adoption and value of the tokens and our operations.

We are subject to laws and regulations relating to privacy, data protection, and data security. These laws and regulations are evolving, may impose inconsistent or conflicting standards among jurisdictions, can be subject to significant change and may result in ever-increasing regulatory and public scrutiny and escalating levels of

enforcement and sanctions. For example, in the European Union, the GDPR imposes stringent obligations relating to privacy, data protection, and data security, authorizes fines up to 4% of global annual revenue or €20 million, whichever is greater, for some types of violations. In the United Kingdom, a Data Protection Act that substantially implements the GDPR also became law in May 2018, and was further amended in 2019 to align it more closely with the GDPR. Further, on January 1, 2020, the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”) went into effect. The CCPA, among other things, requires covered companies to provide new disclosures to California consumers, and afford such consumers new abilities to opt-out of certain sales of personal information. The CCPA provides for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action that may increase related litigation. Moreover, a new privacy law, the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”), recently was certified by the California Secretary of State to appear on the ballot for the November 3, 2020 election. If this initiative is approved by California voters, the CPRA would significantly modify the CCPA, potentially resulting in further uncertainty and requiring us to incur additional costs and expenses in an effort to comply. In addition, some countries are considering or have enacted legislation requiring local storage and processing of data that could increase the cost or complexity of operating our platform or providing services.

In addition to government regulation, privacy advocates and industry groups may propose self-regulatory standards from time to time. These and other industry standards may legally or contractually apply to us, or we may elect to comply with such standards or to facilitate compliance with such standards. We cannot control the conduct of our customers using an Exodus account, who may engage in businesses that make them subject to privacy and data protection laws, and as a result there can be no guarantee that users of the platform will not engage in misconduct. We also expect that there will continue to be new proposed laws, regulations and standards relating to privacy and data protection in various jurisdictions, and we cannot determine the impact such future laws, regulations and standards, or new or differing interpretations or patterns of enforcement of laws, regulations and standards, may have on our business.

Aspects of the GDPR, CCPA, and other laws, regulations, standards, and other obligations relating to privacy, data protection, and data security remain uncertain, and complying with these laws, regulations, and obligations, as well as new laws, amendments to or re-interpretations of existing laws and regulations, industry standards, and contractual and other obligations, may require us to undertake additional obligations and incur additional costs, modify our data handling practices, and restrict our business operations. It also is possible that these laws, standards, contractual obligations, and other obligations may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is, or is alleged to be, inconsistent with our data management practices, our privacy, data protection, or data security policies or procedures, the Exodus Platform or our services. If so, in addition to the possibility of fines, lawsuits and other claims, we could be required to modify the Exodus Platform or services, or make changes to our business activities and practices, which could adversely affect a customer’s Exodus account, our platform, and our business as a whole. We may be unable to make such changes and modifications in a commercially reasonable manner or at all, and our ability to develop new offerings and features, and to make uses of data, could be limited.

Any violations, or perceived violations, of laws, regulations, or contractual or other obligations relating to privacy, data protection, or data security could subject us to fines, penalties, and regulatory investigations and other actions, as well as to civil actions by affected parties. Any such actual or perceived violations could result in negative publicity and harm to our or our third-party API providers’ reputations, as well as adversely affect our ability to expand our platform and its functionality and any associated services, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. Additionally, privacy, data protection, and data security concerns, whether valid or not valid, may inhibit market adoption of Exodus accounts and use of our platform, particularly in certain industries and foreign countries.

Our effective tax rate could increase due to several factors, including:

Any of these developments could adversely affect our operating results.

We may become subject to audit by the IRS and other tax authorities in various domestic and foreign jurisdictions. As a result, we may in the future receive assessments in multiple jurisdictions on various tax-related assertions. Taxing authorities also may challenge our tax positions and methodologies on various matters, including on the crypto assets that we hold and use to pay employees and expenses in the future. The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations in a variety of jurisdictions. There can be no assurance that our tax positions and methodologies or calculation of our tax liabilities are accurate or that the outcomes of future tax examinations will not have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

We operate in a number of tax jurisdictions globally, including in the United States at the federal, state, and local levels, and in certain other countries, and plan to continue to expand the scale of our operations in the future. Accordingly, we are subject to income taxes in the United States and certain jurisdictions outside of the United States. While we did not incur significant income taxes in fiscal year 2019, we have incurred significant income taxes in prior years and may in the future face significant tax liabilities. Our tax expense could also be impacted by changes in non-deductible expenses, changes in excess tax benefits of stock-based compensation, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, and our ability to utilize them, the applicability of withholding taxes, and effects from acquisitions.

Our tax provision could also be impacted by changes in accounting principles, changes in U.S. federal, state, or international tax laws applicable to corporate multinationals such as the recent legislation enacted in the United States and Switzerland, other fundamental law changes currently being considered by many countries, and changes in taxing jurisdictions’ administrative interpretations, decisions, policies, and positions. For example, on December 22, 2017, tax reform legislation referred to as the Tax Act was enacted in the United States. The Tax Act significantly revises U.S. federal income tax law, including lowering the corporate income tax rate to 21%, requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries, implementing a modified territorial tax system, requiring a current inclusion in U.S. federal taxable income of certain earnings of controlled foreign corporations, and creating a base erosion anti-abuse tax. We have reflected the impact of the Tax Act in our financial statements in accordance with our understanding of the Tax Act and guidance available as of the date of this offering circular. The primary effect of the Tax Act on our financial results was a reduction of our effective tax rate due to the vast majority of our revenue coming from foreign sources. This revenue is favorably impacted by the foreign-derived intangible income deduction. Many consequences of the Tax Act, including whether and how state, local, and foreign jurisdictions will react to such changes, are not entirely clear at this time and the U.S. Department of the Treasury has broad authority to issue regulations and interpretive guidance that may significantly impact how the Tax Act will apply to us. Any of the foregoing changes could have an adverse impact on our results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition.

We generally conduct our international operations through subsidiaries and are subject to income taxes and potentially other non-income-based taxes, such as payroll, value-added, goods and services and other local taxes. Our domestic and international tax liabilities are subject to various jurisdictional rules regarding the calculation of taxable income in various jurisdictions worldwide based upon our business operations in those jurisdictions. Our intercompany relationships are subject to complex transfer pricing regulations administered by taxing authorities in various jurisdictions. The relevant taxing authorities may disagree with our determinations as to the value of assets sold or acquired or income and expenses attributable to specific jurisdictions. If such a disagreement were to occur, and our position were not sustained, we could be required to pay additional taxes, interest and penalties, which could result in one-time tax charges, higher effective tax rates, reduced cash flows and lower overall profitability of our operations.

This offering circular contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to management. Some of the statements in the sections of this offering circular captioned “Offering Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and “Business” and elsewhere in this offering circular contain forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the following words: “may,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “project,” “potential,” “continue,” “ongoing” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words.

These statements involve risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from the information expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that we have a reasonable basis for each forward-looking statement contained in this offering circular, we caution you that these statements are based on a combination of facts and factors currently known by us and our projections of the future, about which we cannot be certain. Forward-looking statements in this offering circular include, but are not limited to, statements about:

In addition, you should refer to the section of this offering circular captioned “Risk Factors” for a discussion of other important factors that may cause actual results to materially differ from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. As a result of these factors, we cannot assure you that the forward-looking statements in this offering circular will prove to be accurate. Furthermore, if the forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not regard these statements as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that we will achieve our objectives and plans in any specified time frame, or at all. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

The net proceeds from our sale of     shares of Class A common stock in this offering at the offering price of $     per share, after deducting estimated offering expenses, will be approximately $    . We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of our Class A common stock by the selling stockholders.

The principal purposes of this offering are to obtain additional capital and increase our financial flexibility. We currently intend to use the net proceeds we receive from this offering for the continued expansion of our platform, with a focus on software development and increasing our marketing efforts to attract additional customers to our platform.

We will have broad discretion over the uses of the net proceeds of this offering. Pending these uses, we may choose to invest the net proceeds from this offering in short-term, investment-grade interest bearing securities such as money market accounts, certificates of deposit, commercial paper and guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.

The table below shows the estimated net proceeds we would receive from this offering assuming the sale of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the maximum proceeds from our Class A common stock we are offering in the cash offering. There is no guarantee that we will be successful in selling any of the Class A common stock we are offering. Our net proceeds could change based on the number of shares sold by selling stockholders.

The table below sets forth the manner in which we intend to use the net proceeds we receive from this offering, assuming the sale of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the maximum proceeds from the Class A common stock we are offering. All amounts listed below are estimates.

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings for use in the operation of our business and do not anticipate paying any dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to declare dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements, general business conditions, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents, as well as our capitalization, as of June 30, 2020, on:

You should read the information in this table together with our financial statements and related notes to those statements, as well as the sections captioned “Selected Consolidated Financial Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” appearing elsewhere in this offering circular.

The number of shares of our Class A common stock and our Class B common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on zero shares of our Class A common stock and 10,002,076 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2020, after giving effect to the filing of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation in August 2020 (pursuant to which all then outstanding shares of common stock were converted into shares of Class B common stock), and excludes:

We have also assumed no conversion of our approximately $0.5 million in outstanding simple agreements for future equity. For more information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Issuance of SAFEs.”

If you invest in our Class A common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of shares of Class A common stock in this offering and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share immediately after this offering.

Historical net tangible book value represents our total tangible assets less total liabilities. As of June 30, 2020, our historical net tangible book value was $4.58 million and our historical net tangible book value per share was $0.48.

After giving effect to the sale and issuance of     shares of Class A common stock in this offering at a price per share of $     , and after deducting estimated offering expenses payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2020 would have been $     million, or $     per share. This represents an immediate increase in as adjusted net tangible book value of $    per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of as adjusted net tangible book value of $     per share to new investors purchasing common stock in this offering. Dilution per share to new investors purchasing common stock in this offering is determined by subtracting as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering from the price per share paid by new investors.

The following table illustrates this dilution to new investors on a per share basis:

The following table summarizes, as of June 30, 2020, on an as adjusted basis, as described above, the differences between the existing stockholders and the new investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering with respect to the number of shares purchased from us, the total consideration paid or to be paid to us, which includes net proceeds received from the issuance of our common stock and the average price per share paid or to be paid to us at the offering price of $     per share, before deducting estimated offering expenses payable by us:

Sales by the selling stockholders in this offering will cause the number of shares held by existing stockholders to be reduced to     shares, or   % of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding after this offering, and will increase the number of shares held by new investors to     shares, or   % of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding after this offering.

The number of shares of our Class A common stock and our Class B common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on zero shares of our Class A common stock and 10,002,076 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2020, after giving effect to the filing of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation in August 2020 (pursuant to which all then outstanding shares of common stock were converted into shares of Class B common stock), and excludes:

We have also assumed no conversion of our approximately $0.5 million in outstanding simple agreements for future equity. For more information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Issuance of SAFEs.”

You should read the following discussion and analysis of Exodus’s financial condition and results of operations together with the financial statements and related notes that are included elsewhere in this offering circular. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current plans, expectations and beliefs that involve risks and uncertainties. Exodus’s actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors,” “Information Regarding Forward Looking Statements” and in other parts of this offering circular.

Our mission is to ignite an exodus from the traditional banking system by empowering people to secure, manage and use their crypto assets. On December 9, 2015, we launched the Exodus Platform for holding and using their crypto assets, and every two weeks since our launch, we have released new updates that continued to develop, build on and improve the Exodus Platform.

We believe that crypto assets should be easy to use and easy to understand. Crypto assets have the potential to profoundly change the way society does business, manages its wealth and even looks at money itself—but unlocking these possibilities first requires that crypto assets be made accessible and engaging, without technical jargon or complexities obscuring the core features, benefits and uses of crypto assets.

We are relentlessly focused on delivering the best customer experience in the blockchain and crypto asset industry. We have built a platform that brings together a simple, elegant and intuitive interface with powerful functionality—including support for over 100 crypto assets, integrations with seven crypto-to-crypto exchanges and integrations with third-party applications, such as Compound Finance and SportX.

We operate in the financial technology subsector of the greater blockchain and crypto asset industry and our customers are both experienced people and entities familiar with this technology and those new to financial solutions powered by blockchain technology and crypto assets.

We built the Exodus Platform to give our customers the power to quickly secure, control, and manage their digital wealth. Our platform allows our customers to store and access their crypto assets in a secure environment that only they control on their desktop and mobile devices while delivering a simple, elegant and intuitive experience. The trustworthiness of your bank’s online portal without service windows and clunky interfaces, the speed of centralized crypto exchanges without the risk of third-party custody – our customers have the best of both worlds in Exodus. The Exodus Platform allows our customers to leverage the power of crypto assets in an easy and straightforward way, without compromising privacy or the security of their funds.

Exodus has entered into agreements with various third-party API providers whereby the provider is allowed to integrate their services into the Exodus Platform for use by users of the Exodus Platform. These integrations are known as APIs, and we earn revenue based on the API fees detailed in the associated API agreements. Most, but not all, of our revenue is earned on a transactional basis whereby users of the Exodus Platform access the services of the API providers through the API. Certain interactions generate API fees, and we track fees earned on a daily basis. Examples of services provided by API providers include cryptocurrency-to-cryptocurrency exchanges, fiat-to-cryptocurrency conversions, cryptocurrency staking, and sports betting.

For transaction-based API fees, the transaction price is allocated per qualified interaction between the provider and the user and is paid by the provider. As each interaction occurs, we recognize revenue. With the majority of our revenue being transaction-based, our revenue can vary significantly based on the type and number of interactions that occur each day. We believe that there will be additional demand for the API services in the future as a greater number of people begin to use cryptocurrencies. We anticipate that proceeds from the API fees, if and when recognized as revenue under our current accounting policy (or if and when recognized as revenue under an appropriate future accounting policy) will continue to generate the majority of our revenue for the foreseeable future.

For non-transaction-based API fees, we recognize revenues based on when performance obligations in the underlying contracts have been identified, priced, allocated, and satisfied. No non-transaction-based fees were recognized until July 2020.

Exodus’s costs of revenues are classified as software development, customer support, and security and wallet operations.

Software development expenses represent costs incurred by Exodus for the development of the Exodus Platform, individual API integrations, as well as our application ecosystem, and include: related salaries and costs, fees paid to consultants and outside service providers. Our application ecosystem is still under development, and there are significant hurdles to overcome before critical components of the ecosystem become operational. As a result, we expect our software development expenses to increase over the next several years as we accelerate improvements to the user experience and functionality of the wallet, integrate new APIs services, and develop the Exodus ecosystem.

Customer support includes related salaries and costs, and fees paid to consultants and outside service providers. Exodus views customer support as an integral part of its product offerings and made significant investments in this area in 2019. Further investments in customer support are expected later in the development of the Exodus ecosystem.

Security and wallet operations expenses consist of development operations and security related activities. As the Exodus application ecosystem is still under development, Exodus expects security and wallet operations expenses to increase over the next several years as we accelerate improvements to the user experience and functionality of the wallet. We continually explore and evaluate ways to make the Exodus Platform and ecosystem more secure.

Exodus’s operating expenses are classified as general and administrative, and advertising and marketing.

General and administrative expenses consist of administrative, compliance, legal, investor relations, and financial operations. They include office expenses, meals and entertainment costs, software/applications for operational use, and other general and administrative expenses, including but not limited to technology subscriptions, travel, utilities, and vehicle expenses. These expenses account for a significant portion of our operating expenses. We anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will increase in the future to support our continued growth, regulatory compliance, and the costs associated with increased reporting requirements.

Advertising and Marketing expenses include marketing and business development related activities consisting primarily of advertising, corporate marketing, public relations, promotional items, events and conferences and fees paid for software applications used for advertising and marketing. We have traditionally focused on low cost marketing channels and word-of-mouth advertising. However, more sophisticated marketing strategies are being explored to increase our outreach efforts; as such corresponding investments in advertising and marketing are expected to increase significantly.

The following table sets forth selected consolidated statements of operations data for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 and for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $6.62 million compared to $4.05 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $2.57 million or 64%. The increase in total revenue was primarily driven by growth of the mobile platform, which was launched in Q2 of 2019, and led to an increase in revenue of $2.1 million. An additional $0.5 million of revenue was generated on the desktop platform as it saw a 10% increase in Exchange activity. New streams of revenue, including the addition of staking, sports betting, fiat onramp, and compound finance, are being implemented. We expect more revenue to be generated in the future from these sources.

Software development expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were $2.07 million compared to $0.37 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $1.7 million or 467%. This growth was primarily due to an increase in compensation expenses of $1.6 million. This includes $1.1 million in general salary increases, $0.4 million of stock-based compensation, and $0.1 million related to decreased software capitalization due to change in development mix away from internal use projects.

Customer support expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were $0.71 million compared to $0.31 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $0.40 million or 130%. This growth was primarily due to an increase in compensation expenses of $0.36 million associated with our second half investments in our customer service team.

Security and wallet expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were $1.63 million compared to $0.46 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $1.17 million or 255%. This growth was driven by an increase in cloud infrastructure services expenditures of $0.78 million and in hiring expenses of $0.29 million. In the second half of 2019, we embarked on a major infrastructure improvement project to ensure fast, stable, and available service to our Users; therefore, we expect infrastructure costs to remain at current levels versus those of the first half of 2019.

General and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were $1.58 million compared to $0.63 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $0.95 million or 151%. This growth was primarily due to an increase in hiring expenses of $0.44 million and increase in legal expenditures of $0.41 million.

Advertising and marketing expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were $0.25 million compared to $0.19 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $0.06 million or 30%. This growth was primarily due to an increase in hiring expenses of $0.15 million and a decrease in advertising expenditures of $0.10 million.

Depreciation and amortization expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were $0.11 million compared to $0.03 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $0.08 million or 300%. Increases in equipment purchases associated with additional headcount as well as a $0.26 million purchase of company vehicles led to the increased depreciation.

Impairment of digital assets increased by $1.1 million as price volatility increased during the market turbulence associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Gains on digital assets increased by $1.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 as digital asset prices generally appreciated at a greater rate in the six months ended 2020.

Interest income increased by $0.02 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 as we improved our treasury operations.

Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $7.92 million compared to $7.14 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $0.78 million or 11%. The increase in total revenue was primarily driven by growth of the mobile platform, which was launched in Q2 of 2019, and led to an increase in revenue of $0.74 million. Dollar volume flowing through our APIs decreased approximately 39%, but this was offset by price increases instituted in the second half of 2018.

Software development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $3.00 million compared to $0.89 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $2.11 million or 236%. This growth was primarily due to an increase in hiring expenses of $2.04 million. This includes $1.5 million in general salary increases and $1.1 million of stock-based compensation.

Customer support expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $1.04 million compared to $0.77 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $0.27 million or 35%. This growth was primarily due to an increase in hiring and the associated compensation expenses of $0.24 million primarily in the second half of 2019.

Security and wallet expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $2.58 million compared to $0.75 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $1.83 million or 243%. This growth was primarily due to an increase in cloud infrastructure services expenditures of $1.32 million and in hiring expenses of $0.67 million. In the second half of 2019, we embarked on a major infrastructure improvement project to ensure fast, stable, and available service to our Users.

General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $2.22 million compared to $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $1.2 million or 119%. This growth was primarily due to an increase in hiring expenses of $0.86, an increase in legal expenditures of $0.22 million, and an increase of recruitment expenses of $0.25 million. Partially offsetting these increases was a reduction in travel expenses of $0.09 million and bank charges and fees of $0.05 million.

Advertising and marketing expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $0.57 million compared to $0.11 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $0.46 million or 413%. This growth was primarily due to an increase in hiring expenses of $0.26 million and an increase of advertising expenditures of $0.13 million.

Depreciation and amortization expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $0.10 million compared to $0.03 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $0.07 million or 232% which corresponds to a 490% increase in fixed assets. Fixed asset increases were driven by equipment purchases associated with additional headcount as well as a $0.26 million purchase of company vehicles.

Impairment of digital assets decreased by $3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, due primarily to cryptocurrency market recovery during 2019.

Gains on digital assets increased by $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 as digital asset prices appreciated in 2019 versus 2018.

Other income increased by $0.04 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 due to an increase in interest income as a result of improved treasury operations.

Exodus has funded operations almost entirely through API Fee revenues.

The following table summarizes Exodus’s cash flows for the periods indicated:

Net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $1.5 million. We prepaid $1.2 million in cloud hosting fees in late 2019 which was used in 2020, driving a decrease of $1.0 million in Other Assets. Additional working capital increases of $0.6 million and stock-based compensation of $0.7 million were offset by $0.2 million in digital assets decreases.

Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $0.3 million. $2.9 million of net income was offset by a $3.3 million change in digital assets.

Net cash used in operating activities for the financial year ended December 31, 2019 was $2.4 million. We used $1.2 million of cash to capture significant discounts on our cloud hosting services in December 2019. Additionally, our digital assets increased $2.2 million. This was offset by non-cash stock-based compensation of $1.3 million. Approximately $0.6 million of cash was used for 2018 income tax.

Net cash provided by operating activities for the financial year ended December 31, 2018 was $4.7 million. Net income of $1.9 million combined with the collection of a $5.4 million receivable were primary drivers of the change. We also saw $0.8 million decrease in digital assets which was offset by $1.3 million in changes to tax liability and a $2.0 million change in deferred tax asset.

Exodus’s investing activities have consisted primarily of purchases of fixed assets and the creation of internal use software.

Net cash used by investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $0.4 million. This consisted of a $0.02 million purchase of PP&E, as well as $0.4 million of internal use software.

Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $0.5 million. This consisted of a $0.04 million purchase of PP&E and $0.4 million of internal use software.

Net cash used by investing activities for the financial year ended December 31, 2019 was $1.2 million. This consisted of a $0.4 million purchase of PP&E, as well as $0.8 million of internal use software.

Net cash used in investing activities for the financial year ended December 31, 2018 was $0.25 million. This consisted of a $0.06 million purchase of PP&E and creation of $0.19 million in software assets.

Exodus’s primary financing activity for the periods covered was the use of a bank loan to purchase company vehicles.

Exodus currently has no material commitments for capital expenditures.

Exodus did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements during any of the periods presented.

Exodus’s management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported revenue generated and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates.

We apply the provisions of ASC 606 to determine the measurement of revenue and the timing of when it is recognized. Under ASC 606, revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled to, in exchange for transferring products or providing services to our customers, and is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of contracts with our customers are satisfied. ASC 606 prescribes a five-step model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers: (1) identify contract(s) with the customer; (2) identify the separate performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied.

Exodus recognizes various charges to API providers which are based on user interactions conducted through APIs as revenue. Currently, we and/or our subsidiary have API agreements with providers of cryptocurrency-to-cryptocurrency exchanges, fiat-to-cryptocurrency conversions, cryptocurrency staking, and sports betting. We allow the providers to provide software services which permit a user of our un-hosted and non-custodial crypto asset software wallet to access the services of the provider through the APIs. Under the terms and conditions of the agreements, Exodus and the providers have integrated the APIs into the Exodus Platform. In consideration for the integration by Exodus of the APIs into the Exodus Platform software, exchange providers pay us an API fee for certain user interactions with API. These interactions are typically transactions of services between provider and a user, effected through the API.

For transaction-based API fees, the transaction price is allocated per qualified interaction between the provider and the user. As each interaction occurs, we recognize revenue. With the majority of our revenue being transaction-based, our revenue can vary significantly based on the type and number of interactions that occur each day. We believe that there will be additional demand for the API services in the future as a greater number of people begin to use cryptocurrencies. We anticipate that proceeds from the API fees, if and when recognized as revenue under our current accounting policy (or if and when recognized as revenue under an appropriate future accounting policy) will continue to generate the majority of our revenue for the foreseeable future.

For non-transaction-based API fees, we recognize revenues based on performance obligations in the underlying contracts having been identified, priced, allocated, and satisfied. No non-transaction-based fees were recognized until July 2020.

In December 2019, the Association of International Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) produced a nonauthoritative practice aid titled, “Accounting for and auditing of digital assets.” The practice aid discusses initial classification, ongoing valuation and measurement, as well as sales of digital assets.

There is also no currently authoritative literature under GAAP that specifically addresses the accounting for crypto asset holdings, including digital assets like Bitcoin. We have determined that crypto assets should be classified as intangible assets with indefinite useful lives; as such, they are recorded at their respective fair values

as of the acquisition date. We do not amortize intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. We review indefinite-lived intangible assets at least monthly for possible impairment. We recognize impairment on these assets caused by decreases in market value based upon quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets. In addition, indefinite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for possible impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets below their carrying values.

We evaluated digital assets for impairment by using publicly traded prices of Bitcoin and other crypto assets in order to determine the fair value of digital assets. During 2019 and 2018, impairment charges of $1.7 million and $5.6 million, respectively, were recorded in our statement of operations. During the first six months of 2019 and 2018, impairment charges of $1.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively, were recorded in our statement of operations.

The table below outlines the value of our digital assets based on publicly available rates as well as the book value.